Honors Biology Final Exam Questions and Answers Rated A+
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Course
Honors Biology
Institution
Honors Biology
Honors Biology Final Exam Questions
and Answers Rated A+
What is the term for the protein complex that helps in the correct alignment of chromosomes
during mitosis?
Kinetochore
What is the name of the process by which cells convert chemical energy from nutrients into
ATP, specifically ...
Honors Biology Final Exam Questions
and Answers Rated A+
What is the term for the protein complex that helps in the correct alignment of chromosomes
during mitosis?
✔✔ Kinetochore
What is the name of the process by which cells convert chemical energy from nutrients into
ATP, specifically in the absence of oxygen?
✔✔ Anaerobic Respiration
What is the term for the specialized structures in a cell that contain digestive enzymes to break
down macromolecules?
✔✔ Lysosomes
What is the name of the mechanism that ensures genetic diversity through the exchange of
genetic material between homologous chromosomes?
✔✔ Crossing Over
1
,What is the term for the regulatory sequences in DNA that help control the timing and amount of
gene expression?
✔✔ Enhancers
What is the name of the small, RNA-based structure that helps in the regulation of gene
expression by inhibiting mRNA translation?
✔✔ Small Interfering RNA (siRNA)
What is the term for the part of the cell cycle during which the cell grows and synthesizes
proteins before DNA replication?
✔✔ G1 Phase
What is the name of the enzyme that builds new DNA strands by adding nucleotides to a pre-
existing chain?
✔✔ DNA Polymerase
What is the term for the process by which cells package and transport proteins and lipids using
vesicles?
✔✔ Vesicular Transport
2
,What is the name of the condition where there is an abnormal number of chromosomes in a cell,
often resulting from errors in meiosis?
✔✔ Aneuploidy
What is the name of the enzyme responsible for synthesizing RNA during transcription?
✔✔ RNA Polymerase
What is the term for the sequence of three nucleotides in mRNA that codes for a specific amino
acid?
✔✔ Codon
What is the name of the structure in the cell that functions as the site of protein synthesis,
translating mRNA into a polypeptide chain?
✔✔ Ribosome
What is the term for the reversible changes to DNA or histones that regulate gene expression
without altering the DNA sequence?
✔✔ Epigenetic Modifications
3
, What is the name of the process where cells respond to external signals by modifying their gene
expression?
✔✔ Signal Transduction
What is the term for the gradual process of species evolving to adapt to their environment over
time?
✔✔ Natural Selection
What is the name of the cell cycle checkpoint that ensures all chromosomes are properly attached
to the spindle fibers before proceeding to anaphase?
✔✔ Metaphase Checkpoint
What is the term for the cellular process that involves the breakdown of fatty acids to generate
energy?
✔✔ Beta-Oxidation
What is the name of the molecule that transfers amino acids to the ribosome for protein
synthesis?
4
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