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ECOR1044 – Mechatronics Exam Study Questions with Correct Solutions
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ECOR1044 – Mechatronics Exam Study Questions with Correct Solutions
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ECOR1044 – Mechatronics ExamStudy Questions with Correct
Solutions
Differential pressure sensor: - ANSWER Measures the difference between
two pressures
Sealed pressure sensor - ANSWER Measures pressure relative to a fixed pressure
What are the 4 pressure sensor designs mentioned in class? - ANSWER Piezoresistive
strain gauge, Capacitive, Electromagnetic, Piezoelectric
What does the diaphragm of a sound sensor do? - ANSWER Generates an electric
signal from vibrations due to an acoustic sound wave, translating the amplitude of
the acoustic signal.
How does an ultrasonic sensor work? - ANSWER ultrasonic sensors emit high pitch
soundwaves, wait for the sound to reflect back, and calculate the distance using the
time between sending and receiving the signal.
what does an accelerometer do? - ANSWER Detect changes in acceleration using
variable voltage produced from the applied acceleration.
T/F: the negative terminal of an LED is called the cathode, and the positive terminal
is called the anode. - ANSWER TRUE
,How does a piezoelectric buzzer work? - ANSWER Piezoelectric buzzers create a piezo
electric vibration within a molded case. Sound is emitted when a voltage is applied and
the piezo element inside the case vibrates
Pulse Width Modulation (PWM): - ANSWER A method of reducing or increasing the
average power delivered by an electrical signal by effectively breaking it into discrete
parts of varying durations.
How do you increase total power supplied to a system using PWM? - ANSWER
Increase the width of the pulses by having the ON periods longer than the OFF periods
Duty/Power Cycle: - ANSWER The fraction of one period in which the signal is ON
What are PWM signals commonly used for? - ANSWER Driving DC/Servo motors
and controlling the brightness of LEDs
What duty cycle would cause a DC motor to spin at half speed? - ANSWER 50% duty
cycle
Servo motor: - ANSWER A linear/rotary actuator that allows for precise control of
angular/linear position, velocity, and acceleration.
T/F: servo motors have an angle of rotation of only 180 degrees - ANSWER TRUE
How do stepper motors work? - ANSWER Stepper motors have multiple coils that are
organized in groups called "phases". By energizing each phase in sequence, the motor
will rotate, one step at a time.
an OR gate with inverted inputs is equivalent to what? - ANSWER An AND gate with
an inverted output
, an AND gate with inverted inputs is equivalent to what? - ANSWER an OR gate with an
inverted output
an OR gate can be made from an AND gate by doing what? - ANSWER Inverting
the inputs and outputs (also works for converting an AND gate into an OR gate)
What law allows for the conversion of NAND and NOR gates to AND and OR gates (or
vice-versa) - ANSWER DeMorgan's Law
T/F: looping groups on Karnaugh maps can be any number of inputs, as long as it is
below 8 (e.g. groups of 2, 3, 4, 5 okay, but 9 is not) - ANSWER FALSE. looping
groups can only be in powers of 2 (e.g. 1, 2, 4, 8, 16 etc.)
What does a control system do? - ANSWER A control system manages,
commands, directs, or regulates the behavior of other devices or systems using
control loops to produce desired result
What is the difference between open-loop and closed-loop control systems - ANSWER
Open-loop systems are completely independent of the output, while closed-loop
systems have their outputs compared to desired results, and the input is adjusted to
reduce deviations.
What does PID stand for? - ANSWER Proportional, Integral, Derivative (the types of
correction applied to reduce the error value)
What does each constant in the PID controller output equation account for? (Kp, Ki,
and Kd) - ANSWER Kp: Proportional constant that accounts for the present error value
Ki: Integral constant that accounts for historical error values.
Kd: Derivative constant that accounts for future error values.
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