Question 1
Which of the following is the most common cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD)?
A) Acute glomerulonephritis
B) Hypertension
C) Polycystic kidney disease
D) Diabetes mellitus
Answer: D) Diabetes mellitus
Question 2
,Which type of hypersensitivity reaction is characterized by the formation of antigen-
antibody complexes that deposit in tissues and cause inflammation?
A) Type I (Immediate)
B) Type II (Cytotoxic)
C) Type III (Immune Complex-Mediated)
D) Type IV (Cell-Mediated)
Answer: C) Type III (Immune Complex-Mediated)
Question 3
Which neurotransmitter is primarily involved in the pathophysiology of Parkinson's
disease?
A) Serotonin
B) Norepinephrine
C) Dopamine
D) Acetylcholine
Answer: C) Dopamine
Question 4
What is the most common cause of peptic ulcer disease?
A) Stress
B) Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
C) Helicobacter pylori infection
D) Alcohol consumption
Answer: C) Helicobacter pylori infection
Question 5
,Which of the following conditions is characterized by episodes of
bronchoconstriction, airway inflammation, and increased mucus production?
A) Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
B) Asthma
C) Bronchiectasis
D) Pneumonia
Answer: B) Asthma
Question 6
What is the primary mechanism behind the development of Type 1 diabetes
mellitus?
A) Insulin resistance
B) Autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells
C) Overproduction of glucagon
D) Excessive carbohydrate intake
Answer: B) Autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells
Question 7
Which electrolyte imbalance is most likely to cause cardiac arrhythmias?
A) Hypernatremia
B) Hyperkalemia
C) Hypocalcemia
D) Hypermagnesemia
Answer: B) Hyperkalemia
Question 8
, Which type of anemia is caused by a vitamin B12 deficiency due to the lack of
intrinsic factor?
A) Iron deficiency anemia
B) Hemolytic anemia
C) Aplastic anemia
D) Pernicious anemia
Answer: D) Pernicious anemia
Question 9
What is the hallmark sign of acute pancreatitis?
A) Pain relieved by eating
B) Pain radiating to the back
C) Pain only on palpation
D) Painless jaundice
Answer: B) Pain radiating to the back
Question 10
Which hormone is responsible for increasing blood calcium levels?
A) Calcitonin
B) Parathyroid hormone (PTH)
C) Insulin
D) Aldosterone
Answer: B) Parathyroid hormone (PTH)Question 11
Which of the following conditions is characterized by a "butterfly rash" on the face?
A) Rheumatoid arthritis
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller Alvon. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $12.99. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.