ESL MTEL Study Guide with
Questions & 100% Correct
Answers
Expanding Stage 4 - ✔✔Specific and some technical language of the content areas
a variety of sentence lengths of varying linguistic complexity in oral discourse
or multiple, related sentences or paragraphs oral or written language with minimal phonological,
syntactic or semantic errors that do not impede the overall meaning of the communication when
presented with oral or written connected discourse with sensory, graphic or interactive support
Bridging Stage 5 - ✔✔Specialized or technical language of the content areas
a variety of sentence lengths of varying linguistic complexity in extended oral or written discourse,
including stories, essays or reports oral or written language approaching comparability to that of
proficient English peers when presented with grade level material
Reaching Stage 6 - ✔✔Specialized or technical language reflective of the content areas at grade level
a variety of sentence lengths of varying linguistic complexity in extended oral or written discourse as
required by the specified grade level oral or written communication in English comparable to proficient
English t peers
Schema building - ✔✔Activates prior knowledge, experiences, and opinions. Can be done be
asking directed questions about a given topic before reading or writing.
STAGES OF LANGUAGE ACQUISITION - ✔✔Developmental stages of learning a new language
Stage I: Pre-Production - ✔✔Silent period. Learner may know up to 500 words, but are not
speaking. May repeat everything they hear. Not producing, but parroting. Respond to pictures and
visuals. Total physical response methods work well for them. Teachers should focus lessons on
listening comprehension and vocab development.
, Stage II: Early Production - ✔✔May last up to six months. Learners build a vocab of 1,000 words.
Can speak in one or two word phrases. They can use short language chunks that have been
memorized, but they may use them incorrectly. Methods: Yes or no questions, one or two word
answers, pictures and realia, modify content to language level, listening and vocab activities, graphic
organizers and visuals.
Stage III: Speech Emergence - ✔✔3,000 words. Simple phrases and sentence, that may or may not
be grammatically incorrect. Initiate conversations. Understand simple stories. Sound out stories. Fill in
graphic organizers. Match vocab words. Understand shorter, simplified texts. Dialogue journals are
encouraged.
Stage IV: Intermediate Fluency - ✔✔6,000 words. Begin to use complex sentences when writing
and speaking. Will ask questions and ask for clarification. Will be able to work at grade level math and
science with some teacher support. Some may translate from native tongue when writing.
Stage V: Advanced Fluency - ✔✔4-10 years. Advanced cognitive language proficiency. No longer in
ESL courses. Near-native in speaking, reading, and writing abilities. In the beginning of this stage,
they may still need teacher support in writing.
CALLA - ✔✔Cognitive Academic Language Learning Approach. Content is the primary focus of
instruction, so academic language learning occurs as the need emerges from the content. Relies heavily
on scaffolding. Groups learning into three categories: declarative, procedural, and metacognitive.
Culture Shock - ✔✔The personal disorientation a person may feel when experiencing an
unfamiliar way of life due to immigration or a visit to a new country, a move between social
environments, or simply travel to another type of life.
Communicative Language Competence - ✔✔The learner's ability to understand and use
language appropriately to communicate in authentic (rather than simulated) social and school
environments.
CLOZE exercise - ✔✔An activity where some words in a passage are omitted and the learner must
fill in the blanks
receptive language skills - ✔✔Listening. Skills required to comprehend what has been said.
Questions & 100% Correct
Answers
Expanding Stage 4 - ✔✔Specific and some technical language of the content areas
a variety of sentence lengths of varying linguistic complexity in oral discourse
or multiple, related sentences or paragraphs oral or written language with minimal phonological,
syntactic or semantic errors that do not impede the overall meaning of the communication when
presented with oral or written connected discourse with sensory, graphic or interactive support
Bridging Stage 5 - ✔✔Specialized or technical language of the content areas
a variety of sentence lengths of varying linguistic complexity in extended oral or written discourse,
including stories, essays or reports oral or written language approaching comparability to that of
proficient English peers when presented with grade level material
Reaching Stage 6 - ✔✔Specialized or technical language reflective of the content areas at grade level
a variety of sentence lengths of varying linguistic complexity in extended oral or written discourse as
required by the specified grade level oral or written communication in English comparable to proficient
English t peers
Schema building - ✔✔Activates prior knowledge, experiences, and opinions. Can be done be
asking directed questions about a given topic before reading or writing.
STAGES OF LANGUAGE ACQUISITION - ✔✔Developmental stages of learning a new language
Stage I: Pre-Production - ✔✔Silent period. Learner may know up to 500 words, but are not
speaking. May repeat everything they hear. Not producing, but parroting. Respond to pictures and
visuals. Total physical response methods work well for them. Teachers should focus lessons on
listening comprehension and vocab development.
, Stage II: Early Production - ✔✔May last up to six months. Learners build a vocab of 1,000 words.
Can speak in one or two word phrases. They can use short language chunks that have been
memorized, but they may use them incorrectly. Methods: Yes or no questions, one or two word
answers, pictures and realia, modify content to language level, listening and vocab activities, graphic
organizers and visuals.
Stage III: Speech Emergence - ✔✔3,000 words. Simple phrases and sentence, that may or may not
be grammatically incorrect. Initiate conversations. Understand simple stories. Sound out stories. Fill in
graphic organizers. Match vocab words. Understand shorter, simplified texts. Dialogue journals are
encouraged.
Stage IV: Intermediate Fluency - ✔✔6,000 words. Begin to use complex sentences when writing
and speaking. Will ask questions and ask for clarification. Will be able to work at grade level math and
science with some teacher support. Some may translate from native tongue when writing.
Stage V: Advanced Fluency - ✔✔4-10 years. Advanced cognitive language proficiency. No longer in
ESL courses. Near-native in speaking, reading, and writing abilities. In the beginning of this stage,
they may still need teacher support in writing.
CALLA - ✔✔Cognitive Academic Language Learning Approach. Content is the primary focus of
instruction, so academic language learning occurs as the need emerges from the content. Relies heavily
on scaffolding. Groups learning into three categories: declarative, procedural, and metacognitive.
Culture Shock - ✔✔The personal disorientation a person may feel when experiencing an
unfamiliar way of life due to immigration or a visit to a new country, a move between social
environments, or simply travel to another type of life.
Communicative Language Competence - ✔✔The learner's ability to understand and use
language appropriately to communicate in authentic (rather than simulated) social and school
environments.
CLOZE exercise - ✔✔An activity where some words in a passage are omitted and the learner must
fill in the blanks
receptive language skills - ✔✔Listening. Skills required to comprehend what has been said.
