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College aantekeningen deeltentamen 1 inleiding communicatiewetenschap $5.12
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College aantekeningen deeltentamen 1 inleiding communicatiewetenschap

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Deze samenvatting biedt een uitgebreid overzicht van de belangrijkste concepten, theorieën en voorbeelden behandeld in het vak Inleiding Communicatiewetenschap. Het document is gebaseerd op de collegeaantekeningen en bevat een gestructureerde weergave van de belangrijkste leerstof.

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  • September 8, 2024
  • 35
  • 2023/2024
  • Class notes
  • Ellen droog
  • All classes
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Inleiding Communicatiewetenschappen

Stof week 1 video’s en aantekeningen
Chapter 1:
Theory – set of systematic, informed hunches about the way things work
 Set of hunches
 Informed hunches
 Hunches that are systematic
 Theories grow and mature over time!

Wat is een theorie?




Wat is communicatie?




Communication: the relational process of creating and interpreting messages that
elicit a response
1. Messages
 Messages (or texts) are central to communication scholars
 Text – record of a message that can be analyzed by others; for example,
books, films, DVDs, a silent YouTube video, or any transcript or recording
2. Ceation of messages
• A message is constructed, invented, planned, crafted, constituted,
selected, or adopted by the communicator

, • Either conscious or unconscious. But, they always
have a meaning
3. Interpretation of messages
• The receiver has to decode the message (work out, sort out, piece
together)
• Messages are polysemic—they’re open to multiple interpretations.
4. A relational process
 It takes place between two or more persons
 It affects the nature of the connections among those people
5. Messages that elicit a response
When communicating, it is all about the response
 Effect of a commercial
 Learning from a video like this
 Crying about a romantic scene in a movie
 Informing people in health campaign
 Talking with your best friends
Definition: Communication is the relational process of creating and interpreting
messages that elicit a response.
Definition: Theory is a set of systematic, informed hunches about the way things
work.
Creating messages: A message is constructed, invented, planned, crafted,
constituted, selected, or adopted by the communicator . Either conscious or
unconscious. But, they always have a meaning.

Chapter 2:
Different perspectives on theory
1. Objective theories
2. Interpretive theories




4 dimensions
1) Ways of knowing: discovering truth or creating multiplue realities?
 Objective > only one truth > the earth is round
 Interpretive > deal with different questions > eating meat is bad >
depends on who you are asking (doctors or farmers)
2) Human nature: determinism or free will?

,  Objective > determinism > focus on human behaviour as a consequence
of heredity and environment (nurture and nature)
 Interpretive > focus on the conciour choises made by people > free will > I
decide
3) The highest value: objectivity of emancipation
 Objective > finding the truth, testing hypotheses, what is
 Interpretive > understanding, make the world a better place, what ought
to be
4) Purpose of theory: universal laws or interpretive guides
 Objective > seeking for universal laws, but there is never complete proof
 Interpretive > interpreting particular ‘texts’ and give meaning to them, not
about proving, but about understanding.
Wrap up:
• Individuals may have a preference for a more objective or interpretive approach
• Fundamental differences exist between the two theoretical positions, but they
are neither entirely separate normutually exclusive
• So, it is no “either, or” and good scholars should at least be aware of the
various
positions someone can have on the dimension objective -- interpretive

Chapter 3:
“What makes a theory good?”
Objective theory:
 Standard 1: prediction of future events
o Objective theory predicts what will happen
 Standard 2: explanation of the data
o Testing by gathering data and see patterns or relations, and finally
see whether these patterns fit with our hunches.
 Standard 3: relative simplicity
o ‘Rule of parsimony’: given two plausible explanations for the same
event, we should first accept and test the simpler version.
 Standard 4: hypotheses that can be tested
o ‘Failsifiability’: requierement that scientific theory must be stated in
a way that it can be tested and disproved if it is wrong.
 Standard 5: practical utility
o Good objective theory is useful
 Standard 6: quantitative research
o Most objective research depends on a comparison of differences or
testing relations: esperiment and survey
Interpretive theory:
 Standard 1: clarification of values
o Brings people’s values into the open
 Standard 2: new understanding of people
o Offers fresh insight into human condition
o One- of- a kind speech community

, o ‘Self- referential imperative’: researcher includes her/his own value
as it is believed impossible not to do so.
 Standard 3: aesthetic appeal
o Way of capturing theories > with imaginations > clarity and artistry
 Standard 4: community of agreement
o Interpretive theory must be supported by other scholars
o People should start discussing it
 Standard 5: reform of society
o Interpretive theory often generates change
o Impact on society
 Standard 6: qualitative research
o Textual analysis
o Ethonography: observation


Werkcollege 1
Objectieve en interpretieve docenten/ mensen hebben soms moeite om elkaar te
begrijpen. Mensen hebben uit zich zelf een bepaalde kant wat ze fijner vinden/ de
waarde van zien.
De nieuwe generatie wetenschappers zijn meer interpretatief.
Opdracht onderzoeksvragen: Hoe pak je dat onderzoek aan?
Jolanda veldhuis, docent en onderzoekt over hoe sociale media invloed heeft op
de mentale gezondheid van mensen. Wat is de invloed van sociale media op het
zelfbeeld van jongeren?
 Objectief > enquête > gesloten vragen
 Interpretatief > interviews > achterliggende behoeftes achterhalen
 In hoeverre zijn jongeren bewust van hun zelfbeeld? In interview
achterhalen en dit toetsen en naar boven brengen.
Voordeel/ nadeel objectief onderzoek:
 Efficiënt
 Veel mensen
 Representatiever
 Statistisch meer zeggen (significant)
 Je moet van te voren al een duidelijk beeld hebben en dat toetsen
 Als onderzoeker moet je goed weten wat voor vervolg vragen je moet
stellen
Voordeel/ nadeel interpretatief onderzoek:
 Veel minder een idee
 Wat is het nou wat mensen bezighouden als hij/ zij op TikTok zit
 Je hebt nog geen idee hoe het zit, maar gaat het open onderzoeken
 Onderzoekende
 Ontdekkingsreizigers
 Zonder een duidelijk beeld
 Tot nieuwe inzichten komen

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