asthe downward
m oves
c harge from pointatopointbthe by
done
work theelectricfieldisindependentofthe theparticle
path takes
thusthe forceisconservative
electric
have
forces
conservative
anassociatedpotential fuction
energy
wifiEdi so f Vi
wherewe EaristheworkdonebytheconservativeforceF
where k Emr
unit end
Forauniformelectricfieldforexampletheelectricfieldproducedbytwoparallelplates wehave
WifediFsagesas whereas
sesiandEsisthecomponentoftheelectricfieldinthe s direction
noticetheelectricfield Es isnegativeTherefore suaesss.usvi laEsse aEssi
Verec
aess v
In at ecanbeposorneg
KEYRelationships
Example 1
em
mechanical
energy
Emg
iii tome
Es Ea we
2.82105
FINISH
, two
point wemustcalculate
charges
w f For f.fi or
Weobtainthepotentialenergyofasystemoftwopointcharges
U 4H
The
electric energyasystemofseveralpoint
chargesis
potential given by
U 4k 9
He air
Theunitsofelectricpotential are C Voltv
Theelectricpotentialdifferencebetweentwopoints aandb is called voltage
VanAVVaVa
Ifc fetedicsEE.at
melting energy
tm s
Usource
sources
Theelectricpotentialof apointchargeisgivenby
V K9 e
For a collection ofchargeswehave
V 4T
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