TNCC Exam Study Guide.
Energy forces: Tension - answerforces stretch by pulling at opposite ends.
Example: Tensile strength describes the tissues ability to resist pulling apart when stretched.
Tendons, ligaments, and muscles can tear when they are overstretched (Achilles tendon)
Energy Forces:...
Energy forces: Tension - answer✔✔forces stretch by pulling at opposite ends.
Example: Tensile strength describes the tissues ability to resist pulling apart when stretched.
Tendons, ligaments, and muscles can tear when they are overstretched (Achilles tendon)
Energy Forces: Compression - answer✔✔Compression forces crush by squeezing together.
Example: Injuries to organs occur when the organs are crushed from surrounding internal organs
or structures such as a seat belt worn up across the abdomen, causing compression of the small
bowel or a fracture to the lumbar spine.
Energy Forces: Bending - answer✔✔Loading about an axis. Bending causes compression on the
side the person is bending toward and tension to the opposite side.
Example: A force moves from a straight form to a curved form, such as bending forward from a
standing position.
Energy Forces: Shearing - answer✔✔Damage by tearing or bending by exerting force at
different parts in opposite directions at the same time.
Example: Describes the tissues ability to resist a force applied parallel to the tissue. An aortic
aneurysm is an example: As the aorta is stretched beyond its capacity, the vessel is torn away
from the attachment.
Energy Forces: Torsion - answer✔✔Forces twist ends in opposite directions
Twisting motion depends on the body's ability to resist applied torque. (A golfers spine twisting
when swinging a golf club)
A-J Initial assessment steps - answer✔✔A: Across the room assessment for uncontrolled
hemorrhage, Airway and Alertness with simultaneous cervical spinal stabilization
B: Breathing and ventilation
C: Circulation and Control of Hemorrhage
D: Disability (Neurological status)
E: Exposure and Environmental control
F: Full set of vital signs and Family Presence
G: Get monitoring devices and give comfort using mnemonic (LMNOP)
L: laboratory studies (including arterial blood gases {ABGs} and serum lactate and obtain a
specimen for blood type and cross match
M: Monitor for continuous cardiac rhythm and rate assessment
N: Nasogastric or orogastric tube consideration
O: Oxygenation and ventilation analysis: consider weaning oxygen based on pulse oximetry,
end-tidal carbon dioxide (ETCO2) monitoring or capnography for intubated or sedated patients
P: Pain assessment and management
H: History and Head to toe assessment
I: Inspect posterior surfaces
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