Path Ch 2 Exam/ 630+ Questions with Definitive Solutions/ .
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Path Ch 2
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Path Ch 2
Path Ch 2 Exam/ 630+ Questions with Definitive Solutions/ . Terms like:
The idea that one etiologic agent is the cause of one disease—developed from the study of infections and inherited disorders caused by single genes—is not applicable to ___________________ - Answer: the majority of dise...
Path Ch 2 Exam/ 630+ Questions with
Definitive Solutions/ 2024-2025.
The idea that one etiologic agent is the cause of one disease—developed from the
study of infections and inherited disorders caused by single genes—is not
applicable to ___________________ - Answer: the majority of diseases
In fact, most of our common afflictions, such as atherosclerosis and cancer, are
multifactorial and arise from the effects of ______________________ - Answer:
various external triggers on a genetically susceptible individual.
Pathology is devoted to the study of ___________________________ changes in
cells, tissues, and organs that underlie disease. - Answer: the structural,
biochemical, and functional
Page 1 of 117
,By the use of molecular, microbiologic, immunologic, and morphologic
techniques, pathology attempts to explain the whys and wherefores of the
_______________________ - Answer: signs and symptoms manifested by
patients while providing a rational basis for clinical care and therapy.
jury and death. Traditionally the study of pathology is divided into
______________________ - Answer: general pathology and systemic pathology
General pathology is concerned with the common reactions of cells and tissues to
injurious stimuli. Such reactions are
________________________________________ - Answer: often not tissue
specific: thus acute inflammation in response to bacterial infections produces a
very similar reaction in most tissues.
____________________ refers to the sequence of cellular, biochemical, and
molecular events that follow the exposure of cells or tissues to an injurious agent.
- Answer: Pathogenesis
The study of ______________ remains one of the main domains of pathology. -
Answer: pathogenesis
Even when the initial cause is known (e.g., infection or mutation), it is
______________________ - Answer: many steps removed from the expression of
the disease.
Page 2 of 117
,Indeed, as we shall see throughout the book, the mutated genes underlying a
great number of diseases have been identified, but the functions of the
________________________. - Answer: encoded proteins and how mutations
induce disease—the pathogenesis—are still not fully understood
Morphologic changes refer to the _____________ in cells or tissues that are either
characteristic of a disease or diagnostic of an etiologic process - Answer:
structural alterations
Traditionally, the practice of diagnostic pathology has used _____________ to
determine the nature of disease and to follow its progression. - Answer:
morphology
Although morphology
remains a diagnostic cornerstone, its limitations have been
evident for many years. For example, morphologically
identical lesions may arise by distinct molecular mechanisms. Nowhere is this
more striking than in the study of
______________________ - Answer: tumors; breast cancers that are
indistinguishable morphologically may have widely different courses, therapeutic
responses, and prognosis
Molecular analysis by techniques such as next generation sequencing (Chapter 5)
has begun to reveal ____________________________________ - Answer:
Page 3 of 117
, genetic differences that predict the behavior of the tumors as well as their
responsiveness to different therapies
Increasingly, targeted therapies based on ________________ are being used for
the treatment of cancers. - Answer: molecular alterations
The end results of genetic, biochemical, and structural changes in cells and tissues
are functional abnormalities, which lead to ____________________________ -
Answer: the clinical manifestations (symptoms and signs) of disease, as well as its
progress (clinical course and outcome).
Virtually all forms of disease start with _________________________ - Answer:
molecular or structural alterations in cells.
This concept of the cellular basis of disease was first put forth in the nineteenth
century by Rudolf Virchow, known as the father of modern pathology. We
therefore begin our consideration of pathology with the study of the causes,
mechanisms, and morphologic and biochemical correlates of _______________ -
Answer: cell injury
y. Injury to cells and to extracellular matrix ultimately leads to _______________,
which determines the morphologic and clinical patterns of disease - Answer:
tissue and organ injury
Page 4 of 117
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