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PHIL EXAM 2 QUESTIONS & ANSWERS 2024/2025
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PHIL EXAM 2 QUESTIONS & ANSWERS 2024/2025 metaphysics means - ANSWERS"that which comes after physics" the area of philosophy concerned with fundamental questions about the nature of reality the two major metaphysical questions about nature of persons concern - ANSWERS1) the mind body probl...

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  • September 9, 2024
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  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers

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  • phil exam 2 questions answers

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PHIL EXAM 2 QUESTIONS & ANSWERS
2024/2025

metaphysics means - ANSWERS"that which comes after physics"

the area of philosophy concerned with fundamental questions about the nature of reality



the two major metaphysical questions about nature of persons concern - ANSWERS1) the mind body
problem

2) freedom and determinism



philosophers divide into two main groups - ANSWERS1) those who claim there is only one kind of reality



2) those who claim there are 2 kinds of reality



those who claim there is only one kind of reality - ANSWERSmetaphysical monism



those who claim there are 2 kinds of reality - ANSWERSmetaphysical dualism



two types of monism - ANSWERSidealism and metaphysical materialism



metaphysical materialism - ANSWERSclaims that reality is totally PHYSICAL in nature



(the materialist would say that the word mind would have to be explained in terms of the body to have
any meaning at all)



idealism - ANSWERSreality is entirely MENTAL or SPIRITUAL in nature (an idealist is someone who's
optimistic and visionary)

, dualist - ANSWERSmaintains that one part of reality is physical and another part is non physical



Ockham's Razor - ANSWERSthe principle that we should eliminate (SHAVE OFF) all unnecessary entities
and explanatory principles in our theories



ontology - ANSWERSthe area of metaphysics that asks what is most fundamentally real



two principles for characterizing what is fundamentally real - ANSWERS1) Fundamental reality is that
upon which everything else depends (for some people this may be a spiritual reality, such as God.)



2) Fundamental reality is that which cannot be created or destroyed



the mind body problem - ANSWERS1) the body is a physical thing

2) the mind is a non physical thing



most significant positions on the mind body problem - ANSWERSmind body dualism and physicalism



mind body dualism - ANSWERSthe claim that the mind (which includes the brain) and body are
SEPARATE entities



physicalism - ANSWERSthe theory that human beings can be explained completely and adequately in
terms of their physical or material components



there is no nonphysical aspect of a person



interactionism - ANSWERSthe most common version of dualism, states that the mind and body, although
different, causally interact with one another



two most common versions of physicalism are - ANSWERSidentity theory and eliminativism

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