PHARMACOLOGY ATI PROCTORED FINAL
EXAM(ACTUAL EXAM) QUESTIONS WITH
VERY ELABORATED ANSWERS CORRECTRY
WELL ORGANIZED LATEST 2024 – 2025
ALREADY GRADED A+
Long acting insulin - ANSWERS-Insulin Glargine or Lantus
Onset: 1 hour
No peak
Duration is 24 hours
Overall notes about insulin - ANSWERS-We can give insulin to type one or type
two diabetics
Type one: will always get insulin
Type two: can sometimes be managed with oral medications
Side effects: hypoglycemia (tachycardia, diaphoresis, shakiness, weakness,
headache) lipohyperthrophy (if injected into same spot over and over again.
,Patients dose may need to increase in times of illnesses
For hypoglycemia in a fully conscious patient, give 15 grams of glucose (4 oz of
orange juice). If unconscious give IM glucagone
When mixing draw short acting before long acting.
Clear before cloudy.
Inject air into long acting vial, inject air into faster acting insulin, draw up faster
acting insulin, then draw up long acting insulin
Never mix insulin glargine with anything else
For suspension, gently rotate (For NPH)
If short acting looks cloudy, discard
Sulfonylureas - ANSWERS-Glipizide and glyburide
Used for type two diabetes to bring blood sugar down by increased insulin release
from pancreas
Side effects: hypoglycemia, photosensitivity, GI upset
Take med 30 minutes before meal
Do not drink alcohol
,Use sunscreen
"Glipizide, Glyburide, riding and sliding down slides. Blood sugars are going down.
Outside in the sun"
Meglitinides - ANSWERS-Repaglinide
Used for type two diabetes
Increases release of insulin from pancreas
Side effects: hypoglycemia, angina
Take three times a day, eat within thirty minutes of dose
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs) - ANSWERS-Usually end in "ine":
paroxetine, sertraline, citalopram, escitalopram, fluoxetine, fluvoxamine
Inhibits serotonin reuptake" increases serotonin
Treats anxiety, OCD, PTSD, and depression
Side effects: nausea, fatigue, sexual dysfunction, weight gain, insomnia
(paroxetine), serotonin syndrome (agitation, hallucinations, tremors, fever,
diaphoresis)
Takes about four weeks after treatment begins to take full effect.
Atypical Antidepressants - ANSWERS-Bupropion, Trazodone - more important
Others: Vilazodone, mirtazapine, reboxetine
Treats depression and aid for smoking cessation
Side effects: headache, GI distress, insomnia, nausea, weight loss, seizures
, Benzodiazepines - ANSWERS-Includes "Pams" Alprazolam, diazepam, lorazepam,
oxazepam, clonazepam, chlordiazepoxide, chlorazepate
Enhances GABA: increased GABA means decreased neuron activity
Treats anxiety, PTSD, seizures, alcohol withdrawal, muscle spasm, induction of
anesthesia
Usually short term; if long term do NOT stop abruptly
Antidote is flumazenil
Side effects: CNS depression - sedation and respiratory depression, amnesia,
dependency, and withdrawal effects
Atypical anxiolytic - ANSWERS-Buspirone
Can take 2-6 weeks to work, but can be long term!
Treats panic disorder, anxiety, OCD, and PTSD
Side effects: dizziness, nausea (take w/ food to relieve), headache (sedation and
dependency is not seen like in benzo)
Trick to remember difference between Benzodiazepine and buspirone -
ANSWERS-"Pam" has anxiety, so she goes on a "benzo" and takes it for a long
time but realizes that it is not healthy. So she takes a "bus" to a "pier" to sit
"alone" and decides to treat her anxiety long term with "buspirone"
Tricyclic antidepressants - ANSWERS-Amitriptyline
Treats depression, neuropathic pain, fibromyalgia, anxiety disorders, insomnia
