Nur 114- Pediatrics Practice Questions
and Correct Answers
The nurse is caring for a 3-year-old child who suffered a smoke inhalation injury. How
long is this patient at the highest risk for pulmonary edema after exposure?
Select one:
a. 2 hours
b. 4 hours
c. 18 hours
d. 72 hours ✅Pulmonary edema appears in a child with smoke inhalation injury 6 to 72
hours after exposure.
The correct answer is: 72 hours
What does the nurse explain that a ventricular septal defect will allow?
Select one:
a. Blood to shunt left to right, causing increased pulmonary flow and no cyanosis
b. Blood to shunt right to left, causing decreased pulmonary flow and cyanosis
c. No shunting because of high pressure in the left ventricle
d. Increased pressure in the left atrium, impeding circulation of oxygenated blood in the
circulating volume ✅Pulmonary blood flow is increased when a ventricular septal
defect exists. The blood shifts from left to right because of the higher pressure in the left
ventricle. This particular shift does not cause cyanosis.
The correct answer is: Blood to shunt left to right, causing increased pulmonary flow
and no cyanosis
What will the nurse teach the child with cystic fibrosis to take in order to facilitate
digestion and absorption of nutrients?
Select one:
a. Pancreatic enzymes
b. Water-soluble minerals
c. Fat-soluble vitamins
d. Salt supplements ✅An oral pancreatic enzyme is given to the child with every meal
and with snacks to replace the pancreatic enzymes that the child's body cannot
produce.
The correct answer is: Pancreatic enzymes
What should the nurse explain to the parent of a child with exercise-induced asthma
about when to inhale Cromolyn?
Select one:
a. Before exercise to prevent attacks
b. At the initial onset of the attack
c. During the attack to relieve symptoms
, d. As often as 4 times a day ✅Anti-inflammatory inhalants are taken before exercise to
prevent attacks. These drugs can do nothing for the attack in progress. They are meant
to be used as prophylactic therapies.
The correct answer is: Before exercise to prevent attacks
What is the best intervention for the nurse caring for a child experiencing an acute
asthma attack?
Select one:
a. Offer plenty of fluids, particularly carbonated beverages.
b. Place the child in a humidified cool mist tent with oxygen.
c. Administer sedatives as ordered to decrease anxiety.
d. Position the child with arms resting on the overbed table. ✅This position is
comfortable and allows maximum use of the accessory muscles for breathing.
Sedatives would mask symptoms of increasing air hunger. Carbonated beverages are
contraindicated in persons with dyspnea.
The correct answer is: Position the child with arms resting on the overbed table.
What is the best choice for fluid replacement that the nurse can offer a child who has
just had a tonsillectomy?
Select one:
a. A popsicle
b. Chocolate milk
c. Orange juice
d. Cola drink ✅Small amounts of clear liquids can be offered to the child. Synthetic fruit
juices are not as irritating as natural juices. A popsicle is usually well-tolerated.
The correct answer is: A popsicle
How would the nurse advise a mother to clear the nostrils when her infant has a cold?
Select one:
a. Clear the nasal passages after the infant has a feeding.
b. Use over-the-counter nose drops to clear passages.
c. Remove nasal secretions with a bulb syringe.
d. Instill saline nose drops after clearing away secretions. ✅The nasal passages can
be cleared by instilling a few drops of saline into the nose and then suctioning the
secretions with a bulb syringe.
The correct answer is: Remove nasal secretions with a bulb syringe.
What is accurate about the characteristics of high-density lipoproteins (HDLs)?
Select one:
a. They have high amounts of triglycerides.
b. They have only small amounts of protein.
c. They have little cholesterol.
d. They aid in steroid production. ✅HDLs have low amounts of triglycerides, large
amounts of proteins, and low amount of cholesterol, and are excreted via the liver. They
have no role in the production of steroids.
The correct answer is: They have little cholesterol.
and Correct Answers
The nurse is caring for a 3-year-old child who suffered a smoke inhalation injury. How
long is this patient at the highest risk for pulmonary edema after exposure?
Select one:
a. 2 hours
b. 4 hours
c. 18 hours
d. 72 hours ✅Pulmonary edema appears in a child with smoke inhalation injury 6 to 72
hours after exposure.
The correct answer is: 72 hours
What does the nurse explain that a ventricular septal defect will allow?
Select one:
a. Blood to shunt left to right, causing increased pulmonary flow and no cyanosis
b. Blood to shunt right to left, causing decreased pulmonary flow and cyanosis
c. No shunting because of high pressure in the left ventricle
d. Increased pressure in the left atrium, impeding circulation of oxygenated blood in the
circulating volume ✅Pulmonary blood flow is increased when a ventricular septal
defect exists. The blood shifts from left to right because of the higher pressure in the left
ventricle. This particular shift does not cause cyanosis.
The correct answer is: Blood to shunt left to right, causing increased pulmonary flow
and no cyanosis
What will the nurse teach the child with cystic fibrosis to take in order to facilitate
digestion and absorption of nutrients?
Select one:
a. Pancreatic enzymes
b. Water-soluble minerals
c. Fat-soluble vitamins
d. Salt supplements ✅An oral pancreatic enzyme is given to the child with every meal
and with snacks to replace the pancreatic enzymes that the child's body cannot
produce.
The correct answer is: Pancreatic enzymes
What should the nurse explain to the parent of a child with exercise-induced asthma
about when to inhale Cromolyn?
Select one:
a. Before exercise to prevent attacks
b. At the initial onset of the attack
c. During the attack to relieve symptoms
, d. As often as 4 times a day ✅Anti-inflammatory inhalants are taken before exercise to
prevent attacks. These drugs can do nothing for the attack in progress. They are meant
to be used as prophylactic therapies.
The correct answer is: Before exercise to prevent attacks
What is the best intervention for the nurse caring for a child experiencing an acute
asthma attack?
Select one:
a. Offer plenty of fluids, particularly carbonated beverages.
b. Place the child in a humidified cool mist tent with oxygen.
c. Administer sedatives as ordered to decrease anxiety.
d. Position the child with arms resting on the overbed table. ✅This position is
comfortable and allows maximum use of the accessory muscles for breathing.
Sedatives would mask symptoms of increasing air hunger. Carbonated beverages are
contraindicated in persons with dyspnea.
The correct answer is: Position the child with arms resting on the overbed table.
What is the best choice for fluid replacement that the nurse can offer a child who has
just had a tonsillectomy?
Select one:
a. A popsicle
b. Chocolate milk
c. Orange juice
d. Cola drink ✅Small amounts of clear liquids can be offered to the child. Synthetic fruit
juices are not as irritating as natural juices. A popsicle is usually well-tolerated.
The correct answer is: A popsicle
How would the nurse advise a mother to clear the nostrils when her infant has a cold?
Select one:
a. Clear the nasal passages after the infant has a feeding.
b. Use over-the-counter nose drops to clear passages.
c. Remove nasal secretions with a bulb syringe.
d. Instill saline nose drops after clearing away secretions. ✅The nasal passages can
be cleared by instilling a few drops of saline into the nose and then suctioning the
secretions with a bulb syringe.
The correct answer is: Remove nasal secretions with a bulb syringe.
What is accurate about the characteristics of high-density lipoproteins (HDLs)?
Select one:
a. They have high amounts of triglycerides.
b. They have only small amounts of protein.
c. They have little cholesterol.
d. They aid in steroid production. ✅HDLs have low amounts of triglycerides, large
amounts of proteins, and low amount of cholesterol, and are excreted via the liver. They
have no role in the production of steroids.
The correct answer is: They have little cholesterol.
