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MCB 301 Final Exam Study Guide Q&A’S Latest Update
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MCB 301 Final Exam Study Guide Q&A’S Latest Update
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MCB 301 Final Exam Study Guide Q&A’S LatestUpdate
Mupirocin - ✔✔Binds aminoacyl tRNA synthetase for isoleucine and inhibits activity
Trimethoprim - ✔✔Inhibits dihydrofolate reductase and disrupts tetrahydrofolic acid
synthesis
Why isn't Trimethoprim effective against humans? - ✔✔While humans make
dihydrofolate reductase enzyme target, Trimethoprim binds with lower affinity than the
bacterial enzyme
Peptidoglycan is located where for gram positives - ✔✔Outer layer (thick)
Peptidoglycan is located where for gram negatives - ✔✔Periplasm (between outer
and inner layer membranes)
First/second step of peptidoglycan synthesis - ✔✔In cytoplasm, NAM linked to
peptide
Third step of peptidoglycan synthesis - ✔✔NAM-peptide binds bactoprenol in cell
membrane
Fourth step of peptidoglycan synthesis - ✔✔NAG linked to NAM-peptide
Fifth step of peptidoglycan synthesis - ✔✔NAG-NAM-peptide transported across cell
membrane to outside by bactoprenol
, Sixth step of peptidoglycan synthesis - ✔✔NAG-NAM-peptides linked together to
form long chains (glycan strands or peptidoglycan strands or PG strands)
Seventh step of peptidoglycan synthesis - ✔✔Glycan strands cross-linked together
Penicillin structure - ✔✔Beta-lactam ring
Cross-linking enzymes are also known as - ✔✔Penicillin binding proteins
Why do Penicillin binding proteins bind penicillin - ✔✔PBPs function is to cross-link
the PG strands which involves cleavage of D-ala-D-ala in the peptides. D-ala-D-ala looks
like B-lactam rings; therefore, PBPs bind irreversibly to the antibiotic
Actinomycetes - ✔✔Gram-positive bacteria with high GC content (63-78%) that form
branching filaments (hyphase) and spores (not endospores)
Ex: Actinomyces, Nocardia, Streptomyces
Makes up 50% of the soil Actinomycetes - ✔✔Streptomyces
Streptomyces have over ____ number of species - ✔✔500
Streptomyces - ✔✔50% of soil Actinomycetes
>500 species
Genome: linear chromosome; >8Mbp and 69-73% GC conent
Multinucleate aerial filaments called sporophores
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