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PMD-603 Exam 2 Questions And Accurate Answers
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PMD-603 Exam 2 Questions AndAccurate Answers
Cerebrum - Answer Thought, speech, sensory pain, motor function
Cerebellum - Answer Movement, balance, hand-eye coordination
Spinal cord - Answer Regulating sensory and nervous system
Thalamus - Answer Relays sensory information and maintains consciousness
Hypothalamus - Answer Hunger/Thirst, Fight/Flight, internal thermostat
Midbrain - Answer Conducts nerve impulses and connects cerebrum to brain stem
Pons - Answer Regulation of breathing, hearing, taste, balance, and deep sleep
Medulla oblongata - Answer Heart rate, blood pressure, blood pH, sneezing, and
coughing
Septum pellucidum - Answer Separates right and left brain hemispheres
Choroid plexus - Answer Prroduces cerebrospinal fluid to protect brain
Buffering function of Choroid plexus - Answer Regulate pH and toxicity
Corpus callosum - Answer Connects left and right brain hemispheres
Brain has _____ _______ in the center and ____ ______ on the peripheral - Answer White
matter, grey matter
Spinal chord has ____ ______ in the center and _____ ______ on the peripheral - Answer
Grey matter, white matter
12 cranial nerves, type, and function - Answer 1. Olfactory - Sensory: sense of smell
2. Optic - Sensory: visual signals
3. Occulomotor - Motor: eye movement and eyelids
4. Trochlear - Motor: eye movement
5. Trigeminal - Both: touch, pain, thermal sensations
6. Abducens - Motor: lateral eye movement
7. Facial - Both: taste, ear canal, facial expressions
,8. Vestibulocochlear - Sensory: equilibrium, hearing
9. Glossopharyngeal - Both: taste buds
10. Vagus - Both: head, neck, thorax, abdomen
11. Accessory - Motor: sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles
12. Hypoglossal - Motor: tongue (speech and swallowing)
OLd OPen OCCUpations TReat TRIbes ABsolutely FAir VEnting GLObally VAGUe
ACCurate HYPe
Reticular activating system - Answer Regulates sleep and wakefulness
Frontal lobe - Answer Speech, emotions, planning, motor functions
Parietal lobe - Answer Pain and temperature on opposite side of the body
Occipital lobe - Answer Processing visual information
Temporal lobe - Answer Memory, hearing, language comprehension
3 divisions of the nervous system - Answer Sensory: tactile, visual, auditory, olfactory
Integrative: process information, creation of memory
Motor: Respond to and move about in our environment
3 synapse routes of the spinal axis? - Answer 1. Dorsal tract
- Sensory receptors detect stimulus
- Sensory neurons send impulses to dorsal root which extends to white matter into brain
2. Anterolateral tract
- Sensory receptors detect stimulus
- Sensory neurons send impulses to dorsal root which extends into gray matter causing
a synapse with a neuron in white matter
3. Spinal reflex
- Sensory receptors detect stimulus
- Sensory neurons send impulses to interneuron which extends into gray matter causing
a synapse with reflex neurons
2 motor routes of the spinal axis - Answer 1. Central Nervous System
- Motor output from CNS travels to somatic motor neurons
, - Motor neurons convey motor output
2. Autonomic Nervous System
- Autonomic motor neurons convey motor output causing a synapse with the autonomic
motor neurons of the PNS
3 major levels of the CNS function - Answer 1. Spinal cord
- Walking circuits
- Withdrawal circuits
- Support against gravity circuits
- Circuits for reflex control of organ function
2. Cortex function for lower centers
- Large memory storehouse
- Essential for thought processes
3. Brain functions
- Arterial pressure, respiration, equilibrium, feeding reflexes, emotional patterns
Transmitters that open SODIUM channels ______ the postsynaptic neuron while
transmitters that open CHLORIDE channels _______ the postsynaptic neuron - Answer
Excite, inhibit
Excitatory neurotransmitters - Answer Acetylcholine, glutamate, norepinephrine
Inhibitory neurotransmitters - Answer GABA, dopamine, glycine
Two types of postsynaptic potential summations? - Answer Spatial: When multiple
terminals are excited simultaneously, causing the EPSP generated to exceed the
threshold for firing and induce an action potential
Temporal: Rapidly repeated firings of a small number of terminals which can summate
to reach the threshold for firing
Facilitated neuron - Answer A neuron whose postsynaptic potential is nearer the
threshold for firing than normal but is not at the firing level
Synaptic transmission fatigue - Answer Exhaustion of the stores of transmitter in
synaptic terminals caused by repetitive stimulus at a rapid rate until rate of postsynaptic
discharge becomes progressively less
Effect of acidosis on neuronal activity - Answer Coma (caused when pH drops from 7.4
to 7.0)
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