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Pmcol 305 Alcohol Exam Latest Update
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Pmcol 305 Alcohol Exam LatestUpdate
Chemical classification of alcohols - Answer Presence of a hydroxyl (OH)
What organism is used to make alcohol? why? - Answer Yeast
Fast generation time
Can be stored for long times and rehydrated for use
Process that makes ethanol is called - Answer Fermentation
Fermentation makes (Only/Others as well as) Ethanol - Answer Others as well as, like
phenols
what % ethanol is toxic to yeasts - Answer 15%
What technique is used when alcohol concentration needs to be more than 40% -
Answer Distillation
Production of ethanol outline - Answer Glucose -> 2ATP and 2 pyruvate +2 NADH
2 pyruvate-> 2 Acetaldehyde + 2 CO2
2 Acetaldehyde + 2NADH --Alcohol dehydrogenase---> 2 Ethanol
Ways to measure alcohol concentration - Answer Proof and alcohol by volume
ABV calculation - Answer 131.25 * (Original sugar Conc-Final sugar conc)
Common additional molecules in liquor - Answer Anthocyanins
Terpines
Tannins
PolyPhenols
Vitamins
4 categories of drinking - Answer 1. Abstinent
2. moderate
3. Bingeing
, 4. Heavy
What is bingeing - Answer 5/4 or more drinks in one occasion in the last 30 days
How much ethanol in one oz - Answer 23.3g
How much ethanol in one standardized drink - Answer 13.98g
Ethanol is mostly absorbed in X with some in Y - Answer X=SI
y=stomach
Food (increase/Decrease) retention of ethanol in stomach, which causes X - Answer
Increases, Slower absorption
BAC - Answer blood alcohol concentration
BAC units - Answer g/100mL
Average man is x% water and Woman is y% water - Answer 53.4% and 48.5%
Blood is x% water - Answer 80.6% (multiply during BAC calculations)
Larger people have (lower/higher) BAC - Answer Lower
Leaner people have (lower/higher) BAC - Answer Lower
Is the number of drinks consumed a more reliable measure of intoxication than BAC? -
Answer No
What describes the effects of alcohol - Answer Biphasic due to metabolism
Stimulant then depressant
Acute effects of alcohol as BAC rising - Answer Increased sociability, decreased anxiety
Alcohol acute effects in brain - Answer Inhibited judgement
Unstable mood
Decreased anxiety
Increased aggression
Increased addiction
Reduced time to fall asleep but less REM
Impaired memory
Impaired balance
Vision/taste/smell impeded
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