CCNAv7 Cisco 3 Chapter 14 Network Automation LATEST EDITION 2024/25 RATED GRADE A+

What is Automation It is any process that is self-driven and reduces and possibly eliminates the need for human intervention What is Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) This is a standard markup language for describing the structure of web pages What are some common data formats used in many applications including network automation and programmability JavaScript Object Notation (JSON) eXtensible Markup Language (XML) YAML Ain't Markup Language (YAML) What is a Key/Value Pair The key describes the data and the value is the data itself What data format is a minimalist format that is very easy to read and is considered a superset of another data format YAML What data format is self-descriptive through the use of the tagdata/tag structure XML What data format uses a hierarchal structure and uses braces{} to hold objects and brackets[] to hold arrays JSON What is an Application Programming Interface (API) This is a software that is a set of rules describing how one application can interact with another, and the instructions to allow the interaction to occur What are Open/Public APIs These are publicly available APIs and can be used with no restriction (ex. Google Maps) What are Internal or Private APIs These are APIs that are used by an organization or company to access data and services for internal use only What are Partner APIs These are APIs used between a company and it's business partners or contractors to facilitate business between them What are the 4 types of web service APIs Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP) Representational State Transfer (REST) eXtensible Markup Language-Remote Procedure Call (XML-RPC) JavaScript Object Notation-Remote Procedure Call (JSON-RPC) What is Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP) This is a messaging protocol for exchanging XML-structured information most often over HTTP or SMTP. This is considered to be slow to parse, complex, and rigid What is Representational State Transfer (REST) This is the most widely used web service API that has flexible formatting and accounts for over 80% or all the API types What is eXtensible Markup Language-Remote Procedure Call (XML-RPC) This is an API developed in 1998 and is well-established and is know nfor it's simplicity What is JavaScript Object Notation-Remote Procedure Call (JSON-RPC) This is an API released in 2005 and is known for it's simplicity What kind of APIs would be used exclusively between Google and Cisco Partner API What kind of API is used by Cisco to provide access to students to complete labs Open or Public API What API would be used exclusively between computing devices within Cisco Internal or Private API What API provides flexible formatting and is the most widely used REST What features does an API us to be considered RESTful Client handles the front end and the server handles the backend It's stateless meaning no client data is stored on the server between request Its cacheable A RESTful web service is implemented using what web protocol HTTP What four defined aspects does a RESTful web service contain A Uniform Base Identifer (URI) The data format that is supported by the web service (usually JSON, YAML, or XML) The set of operations are supported by the web service using HTTP methods The API must be hypertext driven What common HTTP methods does an RESTful API use POST - create GET - read PUT/PATCH - Update DELETE - delete What is a Uniform Resource Locator (URL) This defines the network location of a specific resource on the network What are the 4 parts of a Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) Protocol/scheme Hostname Path and file name Fragment What are the 3 parts of a Uniform Resource Locater (URL) Protocol/scheme Hostname Path and file name What are the 2 parts in a Uniform Resource Name (URN) Hostname Path and file name What are the 3 parts of an API request API server Resources Query What is an API server This is the URL for the server that answers REST requests What are Resources in an API request These specify the API that is being requested What is the Query in an API request This specifies the data format and information the client is requesting like the key or parameters What is Postman This is an application used for testing and using REST APIs What programming language do most APIs use Python What is a Uniform Resource Name (URN) This identifies the namespace of the resource (web page, document, image, etc) without reference to the protocol An API in considered RESTful if it has what three features Stateless Cacheable Client-Server What is an example of a URL What is an example of a URN What is an example of a URI What three things make up the query portion of a RESTful request Key Format Parameters Why was Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) developed It was developed to allow administrators to manage nodes such as servers, workstations, routers, switches, and security appliances, on an IP network What benefits do administrators gain from using network automation Software and version control Device attributes such as names, addressing, and security Protocol configurations ACL configurations What two things do Configuration management tools include Automation and Orchestration What is Orchestration This is the process of how all automated activities need to happen, such as the order in which they must be done, what must be completed before another task is begun, etc What are some Configuration management tools to make it easier Ansible Chef Puppet SaltStack What is an Agent-based configuration management This is a pull-based system, meaning the agent on the managed device periodically connects with the mater for its configuration information. Changes are done on the master and pulled dowm and executed by the device What is an Agentless configuration based management This is a push-based system. A configuration script is run on the master then the master connects to the device and executes the scripts What programming language does the Ansible configuration management application use Python + YAML What programming language does the Chef configuration management application use Ruby What programming language does the Puppet configuration management application use Ruby What programming language does the SaltStack configuration management application use Python Is the Ansible configuration management tool agent-based or agentless Agentless Is the Chef configuration management tool agent-based or agentless Agent-based Is the Puppet configuration management tool agent-based or agentless It supports both Agent-based and Agentless Is the SaltStack configuration management tool Agent-based or Agentless It supports both Agent-based and Agentless What is the set of instructions for a device to execute called when it is created using the Ansible configuration management tool Playbook What is the set of instructions for a device to execute called when it is created using the Chef configuration management tool Cookbook What is the set of instructions for a device to execute called when it is created using the Puppet configuration management tool Manifest What is the set of instructions for a device to execute called when it is created using the SaltStack configuration management tool Pillar Identify the term for the following definition in relationship to configuration management tools: Programmatically performing a task on a system such as configuring an interface or deploying a VLAN Automation Identify the term for the following definition in relationship to configuration management tools: The process of how all automated activities need to happen, such as the order they must be done and what must be completed before another task is begun Orchestration What is Intent-Based Networking (IBN) This is an emerging technology concept that captures and translates business intent into network policies that can be automated and applied consistently across the network What 3 essential functions does Intent-Based Networking (IBN) contain Translation Activation Assurance What is the Translation function in an Intent-Based Network (IBN) It enables the network administrator to express the expected networking behavior that will best support the business intent What is the Activation function in an Intent-Based Network (IBN) This interprets the captured intent a turns them into policies that can be applied across the network What is the Assurance function in an Intent-Based Network (IBN) This continually checks that the expressed intent is honored by the network at any point in time What does a Fabric in networking mean This is a term used to describe an overlay that represents the logical topology used to virtually connect to devices. What is the Underlay network This is the physical topology that includes all the hardware required to meet business objectives What is the Cisco Digital Network Architecture (DNA) This is a tool that Cisco uses to implement the IBN fabric. Once deployed it continuously gathers data from a multitude of sources to provide a rich context of information What 5 main areas does the Cisco DNA center controller offer you Design Policy Provision Assurance Platform Which IBN feature is responsible for continuous validation and verification that the network is meeting the expressed intent Assurance Which IBN feature enables the network administrator to express the expected networking behavior that will best support the business intent