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Measures, Integrals & Martingales
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Measures, Integrals & Martingales
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Solutions Manual for Measures, Integrals & Martingales 2nd edition By René Schilling, ISBN: 9781316620243, All 28 Chapters Covered
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Measures, Integrals & Martingales
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Solutions Manual for Measures, Integrals &Martingales 2nd edition By René Schilling, ISBN:
9781316620243
The nurse is providing emergent care for a 62-year-old man with a possible
inhalation injury sustained in a house fire. The patient is anxious and disoriented,
and the skin is a cherry red color. Which action should the nurse take first?
A. Administer 100% humidified oxygen.
B. Teach the patient deep breathing exercises.
C. Encourage the patient to express his feelings.
D. Assist the patient to a high Fowler's position. - ANSWER:A. Administer 100%
humidified oxygen.
Carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning may occur in house fires. CO displaces oxygen on
the hemoglobin molecule resulting in hypoxia. High levels of CO in the blood result in
a skin color that is described as cherry red. Hypoxia may cause anxious behaviors and
altered mental status. Emergency treatment for inhalation injury and CO poisoning
includes the immediate administration of 100% humidified oxygen. The other
interventions are appropriate for inhalation injury but are not as urgent as oxygen
administration.
The nurse is caring for a 34-year-old male patient who sustained a deep partial
thickness burn to the anterior chest area during a workplace accident 6 hours ago.
Which assessment findings would the nurse identify as congruent with this type of
burn?
A. Skin is hard with a dry, waxy white appearance.
B. Skin is shiny and red with clear, fluid-filled blisters.
C. Skin is red and blanches when slight pressure is applied.
D. Skin is leathery with visible muscles, tendons, and bones. - ANSWER:B. Skin is
shiny and red with clear, fluid-filled blisters.
Deep partial thickness burns have fluid-filled vesicles that are red and shiny. They
may appear wet (if vesicles have ruptured), and mild to moderate edema may be
present. Superficial partial thickness burns are red and blanch with pressure vesicles
that appear 24 hours after the burn injury. Full-thickness burns are dry, waxy white,
leathery, or hard, and there may be involvement of muscles, tendons, and bones.
The nurse is planning to change the dressing that covers a deep partial-thickness
burn of the right lower leg. Which prescribed medication should the nurse
administer to the 70-year-old female patient 30 minutes before the scheduled
dressing change?
A. Morphine sulfate
B. Sertraline (Zoloft)
,C. Zolpidem (Ambien)
D. Enoxaparin (Lovenox) - ANSWER:A. Morphine sulfate
Deep partial-thickness burns result in severe pain related to nerve injury. The nurse
should plan to administer analgesics before the dressing change to promote patient
comfort. Morphine is a common opioid used for pain control. Sedative/hypnotics
and antidepressant agents also can be given with analgesics to control the anxiety,
insomnia, and/or depression that patients may experience. Zolpidem promotes
sleep. Sertraline is an antidepressant. Enoxaparin is an anticoagulant.
Which patient should the nurse prepare to transfer to a regional burn center?
A. A 25-year-old pregnant patient with a
carboxyhemoglobin level of 1.5%
B. A 39-year-old patient with a partial-thickness burn to the
right upper arm
C. A 53-year-old patient with a chemical burn to the
anterior chest and neck
D. A 42-year-old patient who is scheduled for skin grafting
of a burn wound - ANSWER:C. A 53-year-old patient with a chemical burn to the
anterior chest and neck
The American Burn Association (ABA) has established referral criteria to determine
which burn injuries should be treated in burn centers where specialized facilities and
personnel are available to handle this type of trauma (see Table 25-3). Patients with
chemical burns should be referred to a burn center. A normal serum
carboxyhemoglobin level for nonsmokers is 0% to 1.5% and for smokers is 4% to 9%.
Skin grafting for burn wound management is not a criterion for a referral to a burn
center. Partial-thickness burns greater than 10% total body surface area (TBSA)
should be referred to a burn center. A burn to the right upper arm is 4% TBSA.
The nurse is caring for a 46-year-old female patient during the first 12 hours after a
thermal burn injury. She weighed 71 kg on admission to the burn unit. Which
outcomes if observed by the nurse would indicate adequate fluid resuscitation?
(select all that apply)
A. Urine output is 80 mL/hour.
B. Heart rate is 86 beats/minute.
C. Urine specific gravity is 1.025.
D. Mean arterial pressure is 54 mm Hg.
E. Systolic blood pressure is 88 mm Hg. - ANSWER:A, B, C
A. Urine output is 80 mL/hour.
B. Heart rate is 86 beats/minute.
C. Urine specific gravity is 1.025.
Assessment of the adequacy of fluid resuscitation is best made using either urine
output or cardiac factors. Urine output should be at least 0.5 to 1 mL/kg/hr. Cardiac
, factors include a mean arterial pressure (MAP) > 65 mm Hg, systolic blood pressure
(BP) > 90 mm Hg, heart rate < 120 beats/minute. Normal range for urine specific
gravity is 1.003 to 1.030.
509. An adult client was burned in an explosion. The burn initially affected the
client's entire face (anterior half of the head) and the upper half of the anterior
torso, and there were circumferential burns to the lower half of both arms. The
client's clothes caught on fire, and the client ran, causing subsequent burn injuries to
the posterior surface of the head and the upper half of the posterior torso. Using the
rule of nines, what would be the extent of the burn injury?
1.18%
2.24%
3.36%
4.48% - ANSWER:3.36%
Rationale:Accordingtotheruleofnines,withtheinitialburn,theanteriorhalfoftheheadeq
uals4.5%,theupperhalfoftheanteriortorsoequals9%,andthelowerhalfofbotharmsequa
ls9%.Thesubsequentburnincludedtheposteriorhalfofhead,equaling4.5%,andtheupper
halfofposteriortorso,equaling9%.Thistotals36%
510. The nurse is preparing to care for a burn client scheduled for an escharotomy
procedure being performed for a third-degree circumferential arm burn. The nurse
understands that which finding is the anticipated therapeutic outcome of the
escharotomy?
1.Return of distal pulses
2.Brisk bleeding from the site
3.Decreasing edema formation
4.Formation of granulation tissue - ANSWER:1.Return of distal pulses
Rationale:Escharotomiesareperformedtorelievethecompartmentsyndromethatcanoc
curwhenedemaformsundernondistensibleescharinacircumferentialthird-
degreeburn.Escharotomiesareperformedthroughavasculareschartosubcutaneousfat.
Althoughbleedingmayoccurfromthesite,itisconsideredacomplicationratherthanananti
cipatedtherapeuticoutcome.Usually,directpressurewithabulkydressingandelevationc
ontrolthebleeding,butoccasionallyanarteryisdamagedandmayrequireligation.Escharo
tomydoesnotaffecttheformationofedema.Formationofgranulationtissueisnottheinten
tofanescharotomy
511. A client is undergoing fluid replacement after being burned on 20% of her body
12 hours ago. The nursing assessment reveals a blood pressure of 90/50mmHg, a
pulse rate of 110 beats/minute, and a urine output of 20mL over the past hour. The
nurse reports the findings to the healthcare provider (HCP) and anticipates which
prescription?
1.Transfusing 1 unit of packed red blood cells
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