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Introduction to Brain and Behavior
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Introduction to Brain and Behavior
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ACTUAL Test Bank for an Introduction to Brain and Behavior 6th Edition by Bryan Kolb-100_ Grade A+-2023-2024.pdf
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TEST BANK For An Introduction to Brain and Behavior,7th Edition by Bryan Kolb, Ian Q. Whishaw
the study of the nervous system - ANSWER:Neuroscience
the study of the biological bases of psychological processes and behavior -
ANSWER:behavioral neuroscience
Who wrote of the brain as the seat of thoughts and emotions? -
ANSWER:Hippocrates
Whose experience in treating brain-injured gladiators led him to propose that
behavior results from connections between the brain and the body? -
ANSWER:Galen
promoted by René Descartes: Humans have a nonmaterial soul as well as a material
body and this soul governs behavior through a point of contact in the brain -
ANSWER:Dualism
The belief that bumps on the skull result from enlargements of brain regions
responsible for certain behavioral faculties. - ANSWER:Phrenology
The concept that different brain regions specialize in specific behaviors. -
ANSWER:Localization of function
Who described the detailed structure of the nerve cells? He endorsed Nerve Net
Theory postulated by a German anatomist Josephvan Gerlach that the nervous
system is made up of continuous extensions of nerve cells. - ANSWER:Camillo Golgi
He is the first to cast significant doubt on the nerve net theory. His thought became
Neuron doctrine by later neuroscientists: the nervous system is made up of discrete
individual cells. - ANSWER:Santiago Ramon y Cajal
coined the term synapse to describe the specialized gap that existed between
neurons - ANSWER:Charles Scott Sherrington
Who showed the chemical nature of neural transmission? - ANSWER:Otto Loewi
Provided experimental evidence that neurons fire in an all-or-none fashion (once the
threshold is reached, all action potentials are the same size regardless of the
intensity of the original stimulation). - ANSWER:Edgar D. Adrian
An imaging procedure that uses special x-ray equipment to create detailed pictures
with scans of brain areas. - ANSWER:Computerized tomography (CT)
, Using strong magnetic fields and radio waves to make a three-dimensional, high-
resolution picture of brain. - ANSWER:Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
AMRI-based neuro imaging technique utilizing radio frequency and magnetic field
pulses to track water molecules which provides an image of fiber tract in the living
brain - ANSWER:Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI)
Directly record the electrical activity of large population of neurons. -
ANSWER:Electroencephalography(EEG)
Functional neuro imaging technique that involves injecting the patient with
radioactively tagged glucose to measure the patient's metabolism of the radio active
glucose. - ANSWER:Positron emission tomography (PET)
detects small changes in brain metabolism, such as oxygen use and cerebral blood
flow, in active brain areas. - ANSWER:functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)
a physical change in the brain in response to experience or learning. -
ANSWER:Neuroplasticity
Alteration of a structure or function to see how behavior is altered -
ANSWER:somatic intervention
Intervention of a behavior to see how structure or function is altered -
ANSWER:behavioral intervention
Compares how much a body measure varies with a behavioral measure -
ANSWER:correlation
Detect stimuli in the environment - ANSWER:Sensory input
Determine the significance of the environmental stimuli and make a decision based
on the stimuli - ANSWER:Central integration
Execute a behavioral response - ANSWER:Motor output
Structures that are close to one another are - ANSWER:proximal
structures that are far from one another are - ANSWER:distal
The body's sensory pathways that carry messages toward the brain and spinal cord.
Any signal toward a brain structure is - ANSWER:afferent
motor pathways leading to the body from the brain and spinal cord. any signal away
from a brain structure is - ANSWER:efferent
consists of the brain and spinal cord - ANSWER:central nervous system (CNS)
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