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Bios 255- Exam 2 Review Questions with complete solutions 2024/2025( A+ GRADED 100% VERIFIED).
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Bios 255- Exam 2 Review Questions with complete solutions 2024/2025( A+ GRADED 100% VERIFIED).
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Bios 255- Exam 2 ReviewIn general, a blood vessel has 3 layers:
1.Tunica interna (a.k.a. tunica intima)
2.Tunica media
3.Tunica externa
Tunica interna (a.k.a. tunica intima)
Innermost layer, adjacent to lumen
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Tunica media
Middle layer, smooth muscle and elastic fibers
Tunica externa
,Outermost layer, adjacent to surrounding tissue
Arteries
Carry blood away from the heart to the tissues
Types of arteries
1. Elastic arteries
2. Muscular arteries
3. Arterioles arteries
Arterioles
- smallest artetre
- attached to the capillary beds.
- Used to control blood flow through the systemic capillary
The walls of the arteries are elastic which allows them to absorb the?
pressure created by ventricles of the heart as they pump blood into the arteries
Because of the smooth muscle in the tunica media
arteries can regulate their diameter
Elastic arteries (conducting arteries)
- Large diameter
- More elastic fibers, less smooth muscle
-Function as pressure reservoirs
Muscular arteries (distributing arteries)
- Medium diameter
- More smooth muscle, fewer elastic fibers
- Distribute blood to various parts of the body
Types of capillaries
1. Continuous capillaries
2. Fenestrated capillaries
, 3. Sinusoidal capillaries
Capillaries are
microscopic vessels that usually connect arterioles and venules
Capillary walls are
composed of a single layer of cells and a basement membrane
Continuous capillaries
lining is completely around the lumen with a complete basement membrane.
- Most proteins can't pass through
Fenestrated capillaries
contains small pores (fenestrations)
- Large amounts of material is filtered, released, or absorbed
Sinusoidal capillaries
incomplete lining with missing basement membrane
- Large plasma proteins can pass through.
Veins are
formed from the union of several venules
Compared to arteries, veins have a
thinner tunica interna and media and a thicker tunica externa
Veins have
less elastic tissue and less smooth muscle than arteries
- Veins contain valves
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