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Test Bank for Katzung's Basic and Clinical Pharmacology 16th Edition by Todd W. Vanderah
Test Bank for Katzung's Basic and Clinical Pharmacology 16th Edition by Todd W. Vanderah
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Test Bank for Katzung's Basic and ClinicalPharmacology 16th Edition by Todd W. Vanderah
,CHPT 1. Introduction: The Nature of Drugs & Drug Development & Regulation
1. A registered nurse working in radiology administers iodine to a client who is
having a computed tomography (CT) scan. The registered nurse working on
the oncology unit administers chemotherapy to clients who have cancer. At
the Public Health Department, a registered nurse administers a measles-
mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine to a 14-month-old child as a routine
immunization. Which branch of pharmacology best describes the actions of
all three nurses?
A) Pharmacoeconomics
B) Pharmacotherapeutics
C) Pharmacodynamics
D) Pharmacokinetics
RIGHT CHOICE✔✔ B
DETAILED ELABORATION
Pharmacology is the study of the biologic effects of chemicals. Nurses are
involved with clinical pharmacology or pharmacotherapeutics, which is a
branch of pharmacology that deals with the uses of drugs to treat, prevent,
and diagnose disease. The radiology registered nurse is administering a drug
to help diagnose a disease. The oncology registered nurse is administering a
drug to help treat a disease. Pharmacoeconomics includes any costs involved
in drug therapy.
Pharmacodynamics involves how a drug affects the body and
pharmacokinetics is how the body acts on the body.
2. When involved in phase III drug evaluation studies, what responsibilities
would the registered nurse have?
A) Working with animals who are given experimental drugs
B) Choosing appropriate clients to be involved in the drug study
C) Monitoring and observing clients closely for adverse effects
D) Conducting research to determine effectiveness of the drug
RIGHT CHOICE✔✔ C
DETAILED ELABORATION
, Phase III studies involve use of a drug in a vast clinical population in which
clients are asked to record any symptoms they experience while taking the
drugs. Nurses may be responsible for helping collect and analyze the
information to be shared with the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) but
would not conduct research independently because nurses do not prescribe
medications. Use of animals in drug testing is done in the preclinical trials.
Select clients who are involved in phase II studies to participate in studies
where the participants have the disease the drug is intended to treat. These
clients are monitored closely for drug action and adverse effects. Phase I
studies involve healthy human volunteers who are usually paid for their
participation. Nurses may observe for adverse effects and toxicity.
3. A physician has ordered intramuscular (IM) injections of morphine, a
narcotic, every 4 hours as needed for pain in a motor vehicle accident victim.
The registered nurse is aware this drug has a high abuse potential. Under
what category would morphine be classified?
A) Schedule I
B) Schedule II
C) Schedule III
D) Schedule IV
RIGHT CHOICE✔✔ B
DETAILED ELABORATION
Narcotics with a high abuse potential are classified as Schedule II drugs
because of severe dependence liability. Schedule I drugs have high abuse
potential and no accepted medical use. Schedule III drugs have a lesser
abuse potential than II and an accepted medical use. Schedule IV drugs have
low abuse potential and limited dependence liability.
4. What concept is considered when generic drugs are substituted for brand
name drugs?
A) Bioavailability
, B) Critical concentration
C) Distribution
D) Half-life
RIGHT CHOICE✔✔ A
DETAILED ELABORATION
Bioavailability is the portion of a dose of a drug that reaches the systemic
circulation and is available to act on body cells. Binders used in a generic
drug may not be the same as those used in the brand name drug. Therefore,
the way the body breaks down and uses the drug may differ, which may
eliminate a generic drug substitution. Critical concentration is the amount of
a drug that is needed to cause a therapeutic effect and should not differ
between generic and brand name medications. Distribution is the phase of
pharmacokinetics, which involves the movement of a drug to the bodys
tissues and is the same in generic and brand name drugs. A drugs half-life is
the time it takes for the amount of drug to decrease to half the peak level,
which should not change when substituting a generic medication.
5. A registered nurse is assessing the clients home medication use. After
listening to the client list current medications, the registered nurse asks
what priority question?
A) Do you take any generic medications?
B) Are any of these medications orphan drugs?
C) Are these medications safe to take during pregnancy?
D) Do you take any over-the-counter medications?
RIGHT CHOICE✔✔ D
DETAILED ELABORATION
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