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PMCOL 371 Lecture 11- Neurotransmitter Actions Study Set Exam
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PMCOL 371 Lecture 11-Neurotransmitter Actions Study
Set Exam
How is an AP initiated? - Answer when EPSP is big enough to bring cell to threshold
What are the six criteria that a substance must meet to be considered a
neurotransmitter? - Answer 1. presence and synthesis
2. release
3. identity of action
4. pharmacology
5. inactivation
6. behavioural criteria
Describe the 'presence of synthesis' criteria for being a neurotransmitter. - Answer
presynaptic neuron should contain the transmitter and be able to synthesis it
Describe the 'release' criteria for being a neurotransmitter. - Answer transmitter should
be released on stimulation of the presynaptic neuron
Describe the 'identity of action' criteria for being a neurotransmitter. - Answer
application of the transmitter to the postsynaptic cell should reproduce the effects of
normal transmission
Describe the 'pharmacology' criteria for being a neurotransmitter. - Answer action of
transmitter and effect of presynaptic nerve stimulation should be altered in the same
way by antagonists
Describe the 'inactivation' criteria for being a neurotransmitter. - Answer there should
be a mechanism of inactivation of the transmitter
Describe the 'behavioural' criteria for being a neurotransmitter. - Answer drugs that
affect the transmitter systems should have observable effects on the whole animal
Where is the neurotransmitters binding site on ionotropic receptors? - Answer binding
site is intrinsic to the ion channel protein
What are the 3 effects of neurotransmitters on ionotropic receptors? - Answer 1.
neurotransmitter interacts directly with ion channel
, 2. involved in the generation of fast EPSPs and IPSPs
3. involves increases in conductance to cations or anions
What are 5 examples of ionotropic receptors that neurotransmitters have actions on? -
Answer 1. nicotinic Ach receptor
2. GABAa receptor
3. glycine receptor
4. 5HT3 receptor
5. NMDA, AMPA, and Kainate receptors (iGluR)
Describe the neurotransmitters binding site on metabotropic receptors. - Answer -
binding site is remote
- info from the neurotransmitter binding site is transduced via G proteins and/or via
second messengers
What are the 4 effects of neurotransmitter binding to metabotropic receptors? - Answer
1. interacts indirectly with the ion channel
2. neuromodulatory effects
3. often lead to decreases in conductance of K+ or Ca2+ channels
4. pleiotropic action
What does pleiotropic action of neurotransmitters mean? - Answer pleiotropic =
producing more than one effect
- because they can activate second messengers, they can orchestrate a change in
physiological status of postganglionic neuron
- neurotransmitter can affect a variety of ion channels, ion pumps, enzymes, and gene
expression
What are 4 examples of metabotropic receptors? - Answer 1. muscarinic ACh receptor
2. alpha and beta adrenoceptors
3. metabotropic amino acid receptor
4. peptide receptors
Which neurotransmitters can act at both ionotropic and metabotropic receptors? -
Answer ACh, GABA, Glutamate, and 5HT
Which neurotransmitters act only on metabotropic receptors? - Answer peptides and
catecholamines
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