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Chapterc02:cRadiationcPhysics
Iannucci:cDentalcRadiography,c6thcEdition
MULTIPLEcCHOICE
1. Thecfundamentalcunitcofcmatterciscthe
a. proton.
b. neutron.
c. electron.
d. atom.
ANS:c D
Acprotonciscacsubatomiccparticle.cAcneutronciscacsubatomiccparticle.cAncelectronciscacsubatom
iccparticle.cThecfundamentalcunitcofcmatterciscthecatom.
DIF: Recall REF:cccPagec7 OBJ:c 1
TOP:c CDA,cRHS,cIII.B.2.cDescribectheccharacteristicscofcx-radiation
MSC:c NBDHE,c2.0cObtainingcandcInterpretingcRadiographsc|cNBDHE,c2.1cPrinciplescofcRadiophysic
scandcRadiobiology
2. Thecnucleuscofcancatomccontains
a. protons.
b. neutrons.
c. protonscandcneutrons.
d. electrons.
ANS:c C
Thecnucleuscofcancatomccontainscneutronscascwellcascprotons.cThecnucleuscofcancatomccontai
nscprotonscascwellcascneutrons.cThecnucleuscofcancatomccontainscprotonscandcneutrons.cThecn
ucleuscofcancatomcdoescnotccontaincelectrons;citccontainscprotonscandcneutrons.
DIF: Recall REF:cccPagec7 OBJ:c 2
TOP:c CDA,cRHS,cIII.B.2.cDescribectheccharacteristicscofcx-radiation
MSC:c NBDHE,c2.0cObtainingcandcInterpretingcRadiographsc|cNBDHE,c2.1cPrinciplescofcRadiophysic
scandcRadiobiology
3. Whichcsubatomiccparticleccarriescacnegativecelectricalccharge?
a. Acneutron
b. Acproton
c. Ancelectron
d. Acnucleon
ANS:c C
Acneutroncdoescnotccarrycancelectricalccharge.cAcprotonccarriescacpositivecelectricalccharge.c
Ancelectronccarriescacnegativecelectricalccharge.cAcnucleonccarriescacpositivec(proton)corcnoc(
neutron)celectricalccharge.
DIF: Comprehension REF:cccPagec7
OBJ:c2cTOP:c CDA,cRHS,cIII.B.2.cDescribectheccharacteristicscofcx
-radiation
MSC:c NBDHE,c2.0cObtainingcandcInterpretingcRadiographsc|cNBDHE,c2.1cPrinciplescofcRadiophysic
scandcRadiobiology
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4. Whichcofcthecfollowingcelementsciscthecsimplestcatom?
a. Hydrogenc(Hc#1)
b. Heliumc(Hec#2)
c. Nitrogenc(Nc#7)
d. Oxygenc(Oc#8)
ANS:c A
Atomiccnumberscarecassignedcfromcsimplestctocmostccomplex.cHydrogenciscthecsimplestcato
m;cwithcacsinglecproton,citchascancatomiccnumbercofc1.cHeliumchascancatomiccnumbercofc2.
Nitrogenchascancatomiccnumbercofc7.cOxygenchascancatomiccnumbercofc8.
DIF: Comprehension REF:cccPagec7
OBJ:c2cTOP:c CDA,cRHS,cIII.B.2.cDescribectheccharacteristicscofcx
-radiation
MSC:c NBDHE,c2.0cObtainingcandcInterpretingcRadiographsc|cNBDHE,c2.1cPrinciplescofcRadiophysic
scandcRadiobiology
5. Whichcofcthecfollowingcstatementscisctruecofcorbitscorcshellscincthecatom?
a. Protonsctravelcaroundcthecnucleuscincwell-definedcshells.
b. Ancatomccontainscinnumerablecshells.
c. Thecenergyclevelcwithinceachcshellciscthecsame.
d. Thecorbitingcshellcclosestctocthecnucleuschascthechighestcenergyclevel.
ANS:c D
Electronsctravelcaroundcthecnucleuscincwell-
definedcshells.cAncatomccontainscacmaximumcofcsevencshells.cEachcofcthecmaximumcsevenc
shellscwithincancatomcrepresentscacdifferentcenergyclevel.cThecorbitingcshellcclosestctocthecnu
cleuschascthechighestcenergyclevel.cThecKcshellciscthecorbitingcshellcclosestctocthecnucleus.
DIF: Comprehension REF:cccPagec7
OBJ:c2cTOP:c CDA,cRHS,cIII.B.2.cDescribectheccharacteristicscofcx
-radiation
MSC:c NBDHE,c2.0cObtainingcandcInterpretingcRadiographsc|cNBDHE,c2.1cPrinciplescofcRadiophysic
scandcRadiobiology
6. Thecbindingcenergycorcbindingcforcecofcancelectroncis
a. determinedcbycthecdistancecbetweencthecneutronscandcprotonscwithincthecnucleus.
b. determinedcbycthecdistancecbetweencthecorbitingcelectronscandcthecnucleus.
c. weakercforcelectronsclocatedcincinnercshellscthancincoutercshells.
d. determinedcbycthecatomiccnumber.
ANS:c B
Thecbindingcenergycorcbindingcforcecofcancelectronciscnotcdeterminedcbycthecdistancecbetwee
ncthecneutronscandcprotonscwithincthecnucleus.cThecbindingcenergycorcbindingcforcecofcancel
ectronciscdeterminedcbycthecdistancecbetweencthecnucleuscandcthecorbitingcelectronscandciscdi
fferentcforceachcshell.cThecbindingcenergycorcbindingcforcecofcancelectronciscstrongercforcelec
tronsclocatedcincinnercshellscthancforcoutercshells.cThecbindingcenergyciscnotcdeterminedcbycth
ecatomiccnumber.
DIF: Recall REF:cccPagec7 OBJ:ccc 2 TOP:c CDA,cN/A
MSC:c NBDHE,c2.0cObtainingcandcInterpretingcRadiographsc|cNBDHE,c2.1cPrinciplescofcRadiophysic
scandcRadiobiology
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7. Whichcofcthecfollowingcstatementscisctruecofcionization?
a. Ancatomcthatcgainscancelectroncwillchavecacnegativeccharge.
b. Ancatomcthatclosescancelectroncwillchavecacnegativeccharge.
c. Ancatomcthatclosescancelectroncwillchavecacpositiveccharge.
d. Ancatomcthatcgainscancelectronchascacnegativeccharge,candcancatomcthatclosesc
ancelectronchascacpositiveccharge.
ANS:c D
Thiscanswerciscnotcthecbestcanswer.cAncatomcthatcgainscancelectronchascacnegativeccharge;ch
owever,cancatomcthatclosescancelectronchascacpositiveccharge.cAncatomcthatclosescancelectron
cwillchavecacpositiveccharge.cAncatomcthatclosescancelectronchascacpositiveccharge;chowever,
cancatomcthatcgainscancelectronchascacnegativeccharge.cAncatomcthatcgainscancelectroncwillcha
vecacnegativeccharge,candcancatomcthatclosescancelectroncwillchavecacpositiveccharge.cAncato
mcthatcgainscorclosescancelectroncandcbecomescelectricallycunbalancedciscknowncascancion.
DIF: Comprehension REF:cccPagec9
OBJ:c3cTOP:c CDA,cN/A
MSC:c NBDHE,c2.0cObtainingcandcInterpretingcRadiographsc|cNBDHE,c2.1cPrinciplescofcRadiophysic
scandcRadiobiology
8. Ancioncpaircresultscwhen
a. acprotonciscremovedcfromcancatom.
b. ancelectronciscremovedcfromcancatom.
c. acneutronciscremovedcfromcancatom.
d. twocatomscsharecacpaircofcelectrons.
ANS:c B
Ancioncpaircresultscwhencancelectronciscremovedcfromcancatomcrathercthancacproton.cWhenc
ancelectronciscremovedcfromcancatomcincthecionizationcprocess,cancioncpaircresults.cThecato
mcbecomescthecpositivecion,candcthecejectedcelectroncbecomescthecnegativecion.cAncioncpai
rcresultscwhencancelectronciscremovedcfromcancatomcrathercthancacneutron.cAcmoleculecocc
urscwhenctwocatomscsharecacpaircofcelectrons.
DIF: Recall REF:cccPagec9 OBJ:c 3
TOP:c CDA,cRHS,cIII.B.2.cDescribectheccharacteristicscofcx-radiation
MSC:c NBDHE,c2.0cObtainingcandcInterpretingcRadiographsc|cNBDHE,c2.1cPrinciplescofcRadiophysic
scandcRadiobiology
9. (1)cRadiationciscthecemissioncandcpropagationcofcenergycthroughcspacecorcacsubstancecincthec
formcofcwavescorcparticles.c(2)cRadioactivityccancbecdefinedcascthecprocesscbycwhichccertainc
unstablecatomscorcelementscundergocspontaneouscdisintegration,corcdecay,cincanceffortctocatta
incacmorecbalancedcnuclearcstate.
a. Bothcstatementscarectrue.
b. Bothcstatementscarecfalse.
c. Thecfirstcstatementcisctrue;cthecsecondcstatementciscfalse.
d. Thecfirstcstatementciscfalse;cthecsecondcstatementcisctrue.
ANS:c A
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