C458 HEALTH, FITNESS AND
WELLNESS (HLTH 1010) LATEST
AND UPDATED STUDY GUIDE
WESTERN GOVERNORS’
UNIVERSITY
, lOMoAR cPSD| 19857451
Unit 1: Physical Health
Unit 1—Module 1: Body Systems
1. What parts of the skeletal system are used when we kick a ball?
Joint. The joints are where two bones come together and can be immovable, slightly movable or
freely movable.
Bones. Support and protect organs
Cartilage. Tissue that covers the ends of bones on freely movable joints.
Ligaments. Tissue that connects bone to bone.
Tendons. Tissue that connects bone to muscle
2. There are different types of muscle throughout our body. Which muscles are responsible
for running? Which muscles aid in moving food through the intestines? What muscles help the
heart pump blood throughout our body?
The striated and skeletal muscles are responsible for running. While the smooth muscles helps
move food through the intestines and the cardiac muscles help the heart pump blood through
the body.
3. What is the difference between the central and peripheral nervous systems?
The central nervous system is responsible for the brain and spinal cord. The central nervous
system travel to the spinal cord to the brain in response directs all the function for the body.
4. What would you consider to be the most important organ associated with the respiratory
system and why?
The lungs because they provide air for you to breathe and exchange gas for breathing.
5. Where does the upper respiratory tract end and the lower begin?
The upper respiratory tract consists of the nose, pharynx, and larynx and ends in the lower
respiratory tract consists of the trachea, bronchial tree, and lungs.
6. How do the heart and blood vessels work together as the cardiovascular system?
The cardiovascular system is to transport a constant supply of nutrients and oxygen to body
cells through the flow of blood. The arteries carry blood away from the heart to the body tissues.
While the veins carry oxygen-poor blood back to the heart.
8. How do the accessory digestive structures differ from the digestive tract?
The digestive system contains the mouth, the esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large
intestine, and anus. The function of the digestive tract are ingestion, digestion, absorption, and
elimination. The digestive allows food to be broken down and moves throught the digestive
, lOMoAR cPSD| 19857451
system while the digestive tract resembles a conveyor belt with allows food to travel though the
system.
9. Urine is made in the kidneys. How does it get from the kidneys to the outside of the
body?
The kidneys are connected to a ureter and end up in the bladder exit through the urethra.
10. Discuss the role of the immune system and its major organs and structures.
The immune system fights foreign invaders (antigen) such as bacteria and viruses by making
white blood cells. The immune system contains Lymph, Lymph nodes, Bone marrow, Tonsils,
Adenoids, Spleen, and Thymus Gland.
11. Explain the four functions of the skin.
The four functions of the skin are to protect from the environment, enclose the body, lubricant,
and regulate body temperature.
12. What is the overall goal of the endocrine system? How do glands enable the endocrine
system?
The endocrine system sends hormones through the body to influence growth, development, and
energy-producing activities. The endocrine glands are scattered throughout the body, and they
are still considered to be one system but with similar functions.
13. What needs to happen for fertilization to occur?
For fertilization to occur when sperm cells travel into the fallopian tube and penetrates the ovum.
14. What is menopause?
When a woman is born, she is born with all the eggs that she will ever use. When menopause
occurs, it means that there are no more eggs and estrogen levels drop, and menopause begins.
15. Are there any similar structures between the male and female reproductive systems?
The female and male reproductive systems contain similar structures. Both reproductive systems
contain a gland males have the prostate while women have the ovary that include in the
endocrine system as well as the testis. They both have as well the urethra that allows urine to
come out of the body. Another thing is both reproductive system have erectile tissue. Woman
have the clitoris and males have the penis.
Unit 1 Module 2: Diseases
1. Your neighbor has influenza. Can you catch it from her? Is influenza communicable
or non-communicable?
Influenza is a communicable disease that can be spread through a cough, sneeze or touch it can
be spread by infected droplets of fluid that or inhaled or transferred via touch.
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