Amendments to constitution: official pathways for ratification; only Prohibition was ever
repealed
the division of governmental power among several institutions that must cooperate in
decision making
power reserved to the state government to regulate the health, safety, and morals of its
citizens
Definition 2 of 53
government policies or programs that seek to redress past injustices against specified groups by
making special efforts to provide members of these groups with access to educational and
employment opportunities
Devolution
Civil Rights
Civil Liberties
Affirmative Action
,Term 3 of 53
prior restraint
areas of personal freedom with which governments are constrained from interfering
congressional grants given to states and localities on the condition that expenditures be
limited to a problem or group specified by law ** strings attached; conditional
an effort by a governmental agency to block the publication of material it deems libelous
or harmful in some other way; censorship. In the United States, the courts forbid prior
restraint except under the most extraordinary circumstances
Article VI of the Constitution, which states that laws passed by the national government and
all treaties are the supreme law of the land and superior to all laws adopted by any state or
any subdivision
Term 4 of 53
the Federalist Papers
a framework for the Constitution, introduced by William Paterson, which called for equal
state representation in the national legislature regardless of population
July 4,1776- a statement of American Independence from British rule. Many ideals within
first 2 paragraphs were influenced by Locke and Hobbes to promote natural laws. This
document unified the various colonial groups and was used to solicit military allies for the
colonials to fight against the British.
a series of essays written by Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, and John Jay supporting
the ratification of the Constitution
those who favored strong state governments and a weak national government and who
were opponents of the Constitution proposed at the American Constitutional Convention of
1787 ** Thomas Jefferson
, Term 5 of 53
"clear and present danger" test
Article IV, Section 1, of the Constitution, requiring that the states normally honor the public
acts and judicial decisions that take place in another state
1) Supreme Court decisions
2) Legislative Actions/Laws
3) Presidential and Congressional Action
4) Popular Customs and Practices
test to determine whether speech is protected or unprotected, based on its capacity to
present a "clear and present danger" to society
Referred to as the states' reserve or police power. The authority to regulate our daily lives;
safety, education, elections, morals, etc.
Definition 6 of 53
Advancing national goals on the states
Why has American government been relatively stable for over 200 years?
Federal grant programs can have what effect on the states
Factors that contributed to a democratic model of government
Article 7
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