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Davis Advantage for Pathophysiology Introductory Concepts and Clinical Perspectives 3rd Edition By Theresa Capriotti
Davis Advantage for Pathophysiology Introductory Concepts and Clinical Perspectives 3rd Edition By Theresa Capriotti
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Davis Advantage for Pathophysiology Introductory Concepts
and Clinical Perspectives 3rd Edition By Theresa Capriotti
Anything that is considered non-self is what? - ANSWER:An antigen (foreigner)
Immunity is defined as: - ANSWER:The way the body defends itself against injurious
agents in the environment
Immune Response is aimed to protect cells from ____________ - ANSWER:Injurious
agents (Antigens)
Innate immunity refers to natural mechanisms that ward off invaders as
a___________ - ANSWER:First Line of defense
Anatomic barriers, Processes within the GI tract, Normal flora, Bodily Fluids &
Phagocytic cells - ANSWER:Components of Innate Immunity
Anatomical Barriers consist of ________ - ANSWER:1. Nasal epithelium(consist of
mucus producing cells and hair that traps inhaled substances)
2. intact skin prevents infection
3. mucus membrane
Phagocytic cells engulf and ingest __________ - ANSWER:microorganisms and other
noxious substances
Normal Flora is ______________ that live in symbiosis with the body -
ANSWER:Natural bacteria colonies
C-diff or C-diff colitis is caused by - ANSWER:Abuse or misuse or antibacterials
____________________is when the normal flora in the gut is destroyed -
ANSWER:C-diff infection (Clostridium Difficle)
Vancomycin - ANSWER:used to treat c. difficile. Must be taken orally for it to reach
the gut.
Stool Transplant - ANSWER:Transplanting stool from a healthy person to the colon of
a patient with repeat c.difficile infection has been shown to successfully treat c.diff.
The inflammatory reaction begins within seconds and can last ___________ -
ANSWER:minutes to days
__________________ is activated when the innate immunity is inadequate -
ANSWER:Adaptive immune system
, Adaptive Immunity is ______________ - ANSWER:More specific
Adapative immunity______________, _______________, and develop memory for
that specific antigen. - ANSWER:recognize an antigen, and target the specific antigen
Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) allows the body to ________________ -
ANSWER:distinguish between self from non-self. Antigens that belong to the host vs
antigens that are from an invader
B lymphocytes (humoral immunity) mature within the - ANSWER:Bone marrow,
spleen, and lymph nodes
After exposure to an antigen _______________mature into plasma cells and
memory B cells - ANSWER:B-cells
Plasma cells produce? - ANSWER:immunoglobulins
aka antibodies which attacks the antigens
Memory B-cells stay in the ______________ in preparation for subsequent antigen
exposure - ANSWER:Lymph nodes
M, G, A, E, D - ANSWER:Ig M
Ig G
Ig A
Ig E
Ig D
Ig G - ANSWER:Antiviral, antitoxin, antibacterial; can cross the placenta to the baby
Ig A - ANSWER:Body secretion (saliva, breastmilk etc)
Ig M - ANSWER:Natural antibodies for blood antigen (ABO)
Ig D - ANSWER:Aids in further maturation of B-cells
Ig E - ANSWER:Involves in parasitic infections, allergic and hypersensitivity reactions
Upon first exposure (primary response) to the antigen, the process of B-cell
maturation into plasma cells can __________ to initiate - ANSWER:take days (Lag
time)
T-cell mediated immune response becomes more quickly activated _______ -
ANSWER:than the antibody mediated immune response.
Why are CD4 cells integral to the antibody-mediated immune response? -
ANSWER:CD4 cells attack antigens to blunt the pathogen effect on the body.
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