-afil - Answer-Erectile dysfunction
s/s: headache, heartburn, diarrhea, flushing, nosebleeds, parathesias, changes in color
vision
Contradicted in clients taking nitrates, anticoags, anti HTN
Common meds- sildenafil (viagra)
/.-arin - Answer-Anticoagulant
inhibit clotting factors (warfarin = factors VII, IX, X)
TX: evolving stroke, pulmonary embolism, massive deep vein thrombosis, cardiac cath,
MI, DIC
S/S: hemorrhage, heparin induced thrombocytopenia, toxicity/overdose
Common meds- warfarin (coumadin) {admin once daily, avoid NSAIDs & aspirin},
enoxaparin (lovenox)
/.-ase - Answer-Thrombolytic
dissolves clots
TX: acute MI, DVT, massive PE, ischemic stroke
S/S: serious bleeding risks from recent wounds, puncture sites, weakened vessels,
hypotension
NI: Must take 4-6 hrs of onset
Common meds- alteplase (activase, tPA)
/.-asone, -solone
- onide
Pred-
Cort- - Answer-Corticosteroid
prevent inflammatory response
S/S: Hyperglycemia, peptic ulcer, fluid retention (increased appetite), withdrawal
symptoms, euphoria, insomnia, psychotic behavior
NI: admin w/ meals, DO NOT take with NSAIDS, teach DO NOT stop abruptly
Common meds- prednisone (deltasone), betamethasone (celestone), hydrocortisone
sodium succinate (Solu-cortef), Methylprednisolone sodium succinate (solu-medrol),
fluticasone propionate (advair, flovent)
/.-azine
- setron - Answer-Antiemtic
reduce N & V
S/S: drowsiness, anticholenergic effects, restlessness, tardive dyskinesia, EPS
NI: monitor VS
,Common meds- promethazine (phenergan), metaoclopramide (reglan), ondansertron
(zofran)
/.-cillin - Answer-Penicillin
TX: pneumonia, upper respiratory infections, septicemia, endocarditis, rheumatic fever,
GYN infections
NI: hypersensitivity w/ poss. anaphylaxis
/.-cycline,
-floxacin - Answer-Antibiotic
/.-dipine - Answer-Ca+ channel blocker
Slows movement of calcium into smooth muscle= arterial dilation & decreased BP
Tx: angina, HTN (verapamil & diltiazem may be used for AFIB, A flutter, SVT
S/S: Constipation, reflex tachycardia, peripheral edema, toxicity
Common meds- nifedipine (procardia), verapamil, diltiazem
/.-gliptin
-glitazone - Answer-Diabetes Mellitus
/.-ide - Answer-Oral hypoglycemic
Used in conjunction with diet & exercise; type II
NI: teach s/s of hypoglycemia, HbA1C
metformin (glucophage): withhold 48 hrs before/after test w/ contrast
/.-iprazole
-apine
-idone - Answer-Second Generation Antipsychotic (SGA)
/.-mycin - Answer-Aminoglycoside
(Antimicrobials)
TX: pneumonia, meningitis, septicemia
NI: high risk for ototoxicity, nephrotoxicity, monitor creatinine & BUN
Common meds- gentamicin sulfate (garamycin) therapeutic range: 4-12mcg/dL
/.-olol - Answer-Beta Blocker
inhibit stimulation of receptor sites= decreased cardiac excitability, CO, myocaridal O2
demand, lower BP by decreasing release of renin in the kidney
TX: HTN, angina, tachydysryhmias, HF, MI
S/S: Bradycardia, Bradypena, Bronchospasms, decreased BP
NI: Monitor DM for hypoglycemia
Common meds- metropolol, labetalol, propanolol
/.-pam, -lam - Answer-Benzodiazipines
,TX: Sedative-hypnotics for sleep, Adjuncts to anesthesia to induce relaxation and
amnesia (procedural memory loss), To reduce anxiety (anxiolytic), Panic disorders, To
treat or prevent seizures, For alcohol withdrawal, Muscle relaxant
/.-phylline,
-terol - Answer-Bronchodilator
S/S: tachcardia, palpitations, tremors
Common meds- albeuterol
/.-pram, -ine - Answer-SSRIs
S/S: weight gain, fatigue, sexual dysfunction, drowsiness
NI: avoid alcohol, do not discontinue abrubptly, monitor for serotonin syndrome!
(agitation, confusion, hallucinations) within first 72 hrs
/.-prazole - Answer-Proton pump inhibitor
S/S: D,V, N, can increase risk for fractures,, pneumonia, & acid rebound
NI: DO NOT crush, chew, break, notify PROVIDER if GI bleeding!
Common meds- omepazole (prilosec)
/.-pril - Answer-ACE inhibitor
Block the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II
TX: HTN, HF, MI, diabetic nephropathy
S/S: Anigoedema, Cough, Electrolyte imbalance (^k+)
NI: Monitor K+ levels, BP
Common med- catopril, lisinopril, enalapril (vastotec)
/.-statin - Answer-Antilipidemic
aid in lowering LDL & increasing HDL
S/S: muscle aches, hepatotoxicity, myopathy, rhabdomyolysis, peripheral neruopathy
NI: take in evening, monitor renal and liver function, low fat/high fiber diet, drug
interactions: digoxin, warfarin, NSAIDs, etc.
Common meds- lovastatin (mevacor)
/.-tidine - Answer-Antiulcer
S/S: lethargy, depression, confusion, decreased libido
Common meds- ranitidine hydrochloride (zantac), cimetidine (tagamet), famotidine
(pepcid)
/.-tyline - Answer-Tricyclic antidepressant
S/S: anticholenergic effects, sedation, toxicity
NI: DO NOT admin with MAOIs, avoid alcohol, contradicted in clients w/ seizures
Common meds- amitripytyline (elavil)
/.-vir - Answer-Antiviral
/.-zine - Answer-Antihistamine
, S/S: anticholenergic effects (cant see, spit, pee, poop), drowsiness
NI: use cautiously pts w/ HTN, PUD, urinary retention, assess hypokalemia, BP, Advise
to take @ night
Common meds- diphenhydramine (benadryl), loratadine (claratin), cetirizine (zyrtec),
fexofenadrine (allegra)
/.-zosin - Answer-HTN/Prostate
/.(biguanide) Metformin - Answer-Oral hypoglycemic
Used in conjunction with diet & exercise; type II
NI: teach s/s of hypoglycemia, HbA1C
metformin (glucophage): withhold 48 hrs before/after test w/ contrast
/.1) A nurse is caring for a client with hyperparathyroidism and notes that the client's
serum calcium level is 13 mg/dL. Which medication should the nurse prepare to
administer as prescribed to the client?
1. Calcium chloride
2. Calcium gluconate
3. Calcitonin (Miacalcin)
4. Large doses of vitamin D - Answer-3. Calcitonin (Miacalcin)
Rationale:
The normal serum calcium level is 8.6 to 10.0 mg/dL. This client is experiencing
hypercalcemia. Calcium gluconate and calcium chloride are medications used for the
treatment of tetany, which occurs as a result of acute hypocalcemia. In hypercalcemia,
large doses of vitamin D need to be avoided. Calcitonin, a thyroid hormone, decreases
the plasma calcium level by inhibiting bone resorption and lowering the serum calcium
concentration.
/.10.) The clinic nurse is performing an admission assessment on a client. The nurse
notes that the client is taking azelaic acid (Azelex). Because of the medication
prescription, the nurse would suspect that the client is being treated for:
1. Acne
2. Eczema
3. Hair loss
4. Herpes simplex - Answer-1. Acne
Rationale:
Azelaic acid is a topical medication used to treat mild to moderate acne. The acid
appears to work by suppressing the growth of Propionibacterium acnes and decreasing
the proliferation of keratinocytes. Options 2, 3, and 4 are incorrect.
/.100.) Saquinavir (Invirase) is prescribed for the client who is human immunodeficiency
virus seropositive. The nurse reinforces medication instructions and tells the client to:
1. Avoid sun exposure.
2. Eat low-calorie foods.
3. Eat foods that are low in fat.
4. Take the medication on an empty stomach. - Answer-1. Avoid sun exposure.
