NURS 6501 ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY FINAL /MIDTERM EXAM
| NURS6501ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY GENERAL QUESTIONS
AND ANSS LATEST 2024-2025, WALDEN UNIVERSITY| GRADED A+
The nərs is teaching staff about the most common cause of Down syndrome. What is the nərs
describing?
ANS: Maternal nondisjunction
A 50-year-old male was recently diagnosed with Huntington disease. Transmission of this
disease is associated with:
ANS: Delayed age of onset
A client wants to know the risk factors for Down syndrome. What is the nərs 's best response?
ANS: Pregnancy in women over age 35
What is the role of cytokines in cell reproduction?
ANS: Provide growth factor for tissue growth and development
A newborn male is diagnosed with albinism based on skin, eye, and hair appearance. Which
finding will support this diagnosis?
ANS: Inability to convert tyrosine to DOPA (3,4 dihydroxyphenylalanine)
Sodium and water accumulation in an injured cell are a direct result of: ANS:
Decreased ATP production
A nərs is reading a chart and sees the term oncotic pressure. The nərs recalls that oncotic
pressure (colloid osmotic pressure) is determined by:
ANS: Plasma proteins
The ion transporter that moves Na + and Ca 2+ simultaneously in the same direction is an
example of which of the following types of transport?
ANS: Symport
A 20-year-old pregnant female gives birth to a stillborn child. Autopsy reveals that the fetus has
92 chromosomes. What term may be on the autopsy report to describe this condition?
ANS: Tetraploidy
,Why is potassium able to diffuse easily in and out of cells?
ANS: Because the resting plasma membrane is more permeable to potassium
Hypothyroidism
A disorder caused by a thyroid gland that is slower and less productive than normal, does not
produce enough T3 and T4
T3, T4, TSH
Diagnosing hypo/hyperthyroidism T3/T4 = thyroid. TSH = Pituitary.
T3/T4 abnormality = problem with THYROID.
T3/T4 normal + TSH abnormal = Secondary thyroid problem
A runner has depleted all the oxygen available for muscle energy. Which of the following
will facilitate his continued muscle performance?
ANS: Anaerobic glycolysis
What causes the rapid change in the resting membrane potential that initiates an action potential?
ANS: Sodium gates open, and sodium rushes into the cell, changing the membrane potential
from negative to positive.
A 12-year-old male is diagnosed with Klinefelter syndrome. His karyotype would reveal which
of the following?
ANS: XXY
A nərs is reviewing the pedigree chart. When checking for a proband, what is the nərs looking
for?
ANS: The person who is first diagnosed with a genetic disease
An aide asks the nərs why people who have neurofibromatosis will show varying degrees of the
disease. Which genetic principle should the nərs explain to the aide?
ANS: Expressivity
In teaching a client with cirrhosis, which information should the nərs include regarding
cholesterol?
ANS: Cholesterol decreases the membrane fluidity of the erythrocyte, which reduces its
ability to carry oxygen.
When a client asks what causes cystic fibrosis, how should the nərs respond? Cystic fibrosisis
caused by an gene
ANS: Autosomal recessive
, How are potassium and sodium transported across plasma membranes?
ANS: By adenosine triphosphate enzyme (ATPase)
The nərs would be correct in identifying the predominant extracellular cation as:
ANS: Sodium
The early dilation (swelling) of the cell's endoplasmic reticulum results in:
ANS: Reduced protein synthesis
What principle should the nərs remember when trying to distinguish aging from diseases?
ANS: It is difficult to tell the difference because both processes are believed to result from cell
injury.
What is the diagnosis of a 13-year-old female who has a karyotype that reveals an absent
homologous X chromosome with only a single X chromosome present? Her features include a
short stature, widely spaced nipples, reduced carrying angle at the elbow, and sparse body
hair.
ANS: Turner syndrome
A eukaryotic cell is undergoing DNA replication. In which region of the cell would most of the
genetic information be contained?
ANS: Nucleolus
If too much T3/T4, then TSH will be down. Vice Versa.
calcium
parathyroid glands responsible for regulating levels.
metabolism, temperature
Thyroid produces hormones T3, T4, and plays big role in , regulation and growth and
development
iodine
Brain cannot make T3 and T4 without
slows
Addison's disease has secretion of cortisol and aldosterone
Need to ADD some steroids
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