Exam (elaborations)
EMT B CHAPTER 10 AIRWAY MANAGEMENT
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EMT B CHAPTER 10 AIRWAY MANAGEMENT
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EMT B CHAPTER 10 AIRWAY MANAGEMENT1. Breathing is controlled by an area in the:
A. lungs.
B. brain stem.
C. spinal cord.
D. diaphragm. - Answers -Answer: B
Rationale: The pons and the medulla are the respiratory centers in the brain stem that
control breathing.
The EMT should assess a patient's tidal volume by:
A. observing for adequate chest rise.
B. assessing the facial area for cyanosis.
C. counting the patient's respiratory rate.
D. measuring the patient's oxygen saturation. - Answers -Answer: A
Rationale: Tidal volume—the volume of air that is moved into or out of the lungs in a
single breath—is assessed by observing for adequate chest rise. If shallow chest rise is
noted, the patient's tidal volume is likely reduced.
In an otherwise healthy individual, the primary stimulus to breathe is a(n):
A. increased level of oxygen in the blood.
B. decreased level of oxygen in the blood.
C. increased level of carbon dioxide in the blood.
D. decreased level of carbon dioxide in the blood. - Answers -Answer: C
Rationale: Under control of the brain stem, rising levels of carbon dioxide in arterial
blood normally stimulate breathing in an otherwise healthy patient.
When ventilating an apneic adult with a bag-valve mask, you should squeeze the bag:
A. until it is empty.
B. over a period of 2 seconds.
C. at a rate of 20 breaths/min.
D. until visible chest rise is noted. - Answers -Answer: D
Rationale: When ventilating any apneic patient with a bag-valve mask, you should
squeeze the bag over a period of 1 second and observe for visible chest rise. Ventilate
the apneic adult at a rate of 10 to 12 breaths/min (one breath every 5 seconds).
Ventilate infants and children at a rate of 12 to 20 breaths/min (one breath every 3
seconds).
, You and your partner are ventilating an apneic adult when you notice that his stomach
is becoming distended. You should:
A. suction his airway for up to 15 seconds.
B. reposition his head.
C. increase the rate and volume of your ventilations.
D. decrease your ventilation rate but use more volume. - Answers -Answer: B
Rationale: Gastric distention occurs when air enters the stomach. Severe gastric
distention can result in vomiting and aspiration if not recognized and treated. To
minimize the amount of air that enters the stomach during ventilations, you should
reposition the patient's head.
A 19-year-old female is found unconscious by her roommate. Your primary assessment
reveals that her breathing is inadequate. As you insert an oropharyngeal airway, she
begins to gag violently. You should:
A. continue to insert the airway as you suction her oropharynx.
B. remove the airway and be prepared to suction her oropharynx.
C. insert the airway no further but leave it in place as a bite block.
D. select a smaller oropharyngeal airway and attempt to insert it. - Answers -B
A patient who is suspected of being hypoxic and is breathing adequately should be
given supplemental oxygen with a:
A. nasal cannula.
B. nonrebreathing mask.
C. bag-valve mask.
D. mouth-to-mask device. - Answers -B
In which of the following patients would the head tilt-chin lift maneuver be the MOST
appropriate method of opening the airway?
A. A 24-year-old male who is found unconscious at the base of a tree
B. A 37-year-old female who is found unconscious in her bed
C. A 45-year-old male who is semiconscious after falling 20 feet
D. A 50-year-old male who is unconscious following head trauma - Answers -B
The nasopharyngeal airway is MOST beneficial because it:
A. can effectively stabilize fractured nasal bones if it is inserted properly.
B. is generally well tolerated in conscious patients with an intact gag reflex.
C. effectively maintains the airway of a patient in cardiopulmonary arrest.
D. can maintain a patent airway in a semiconscious patient with a gag reflex. - Answers
-D
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