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Exam 5- NURS 5315 GI Module 9 Questions and Answers
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Exam 5- NURS 5315 GI Module 9 Questions andAnswers
Upper GI organs Correct-mouth,pharynx, esophagus, stomach, and duodenum
Lower GI organs Correct-small intestine, large intestine, rectum and anus
Hepatoportal circulation Correct-hepatic artery receives oxygenated blood from the
inferior mesenteric, gastric, and cystic veins. The hepatic portal vein receives deoxygenated
blood from the inferior and superior mesenteric vein and splenic vein and delivers nutrients
that have been absorbed from the intestinal system
Osmotic diarrhea Correct-Caused by the presence of a nonabsorbable substance in the
intestines. This pulls water by osmosis into the intestinal lumen and results in large volume
diarrhea. This is how mag citrate, lactulose and miralax work. Causes include: excessive
ingestion of nonabsorbable sugars, tube feedings, dumping syndrome, malabsorption,
pancreatic enzyme deficiency, bile salt deficiency, small intestine bacterial overgrowth or
celiac disease
Secretory diarrhea Correct-Results in large volume losses secondary to infectious causes
such as rotavirus, bacterial enterotoxins, or c-diff.
, Exam 5- NURS 5315 GI Module 9 Questions and
Answers
Motility diarrhea Correct-AKA short bowel syndrome. Results from resection of small
intestine or surgical bypass of small intestine, IBS, diabetic neuropathy, hyperthyroidism, and
laxative abuse. Fatty stools and bloating are common in malabsorption syndrome.
Complications include: dehydration, electrolyte imbalance, metabolic acidosis, weight loss
and malabsorption.
Upper GI bleed Correct-bleeding that occurs in the esophagus, stomach or duodenum
commonly caused by bleeding varices, peptic ulcers or Mallory-Weiss tear(tearing of
esophagus from stomach) Characterized by frank, bright red or coffee ground emesis.
Lower GI bleed Correct-Bleeding in the jejunum, ileum, colon or rectum from
inflammatory bowel disease, cancer, diverticula or hemorrhoids. Hematochezia, or the
presence of bright red blood in the stools, suggest what kind of bleed
Peptic Ulcer Disease Correct-Is a break in the integrity of the mucosa of the esophagus,
stomach or duodenum resulting in exposure of the tissue to gastric acid. Risk factors include
smoking, advanced age, NSAID use, ETOH, chronic disease, acute pancreatitis, COPD, obesity,
, Exam 5- NURS 5315 GI Module 9 Questions and
Answers
socioeconomic status, gastrinoma, and infection with Helicobacter pylori. S&S: Epigastric pain
is worse with eating, melena or hematemesis
Duodenal ulcers Correct-most common and tend to develop in younger patients. S&S:
epigastric pain that is relieved by food. Patients may have melena(black and tarry stool) or
hematemesis
Ulcerative colitis (UC) Correct-Inflammatory disease of the large instestine in persons 20-
40y/o. Less common in people who smoke. Has periods of remission and exacerbations.
Characterized by inflammation and ulcerations that remain superficial and in the small
intestine.
UC S&S Correct-recurrent diarrhea, bloody stools, febrile, polyarthritis, uveitis, sclerosing
cholangitis, erythema nodosum and pyoderma gangrenosum
UC complications Correct-fissures, hemorrhoids, perirectal abscess, toxic megacolon, colon
perforation, and colorectal adenocarcinoma. Increased risk of VTE and microthrombi, and
colon cancer
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