Gerontological Nursing, 4e (Tabloski) Chapter 5 Nutrition and Aging

Gerontological Nursing, 4e (Tabloski)
Chapter 5 Nutrition and Aging

1) Thernurserisrdiscussingrproperrnutritionrwithrolderrcommunityrmembersratrarseniorrcitizenrcenter.r
Whatrshouldrthernurserteachrasrgeneralrguidelinesrforrhealthyrolderrindividuals?rSelectrallrthatrapply.
1. Calciumrintakershouldrber1,000rmgrforrthoseroverrtheragerofr51ryears.
2. OlderrindividualsrneedrtortakersupplementsrofrvitaminsrA,rC,rE,randrK.
3. VitaminrDrintakershouldrber600rIUruprtorager70randr800rIUrifrolderrthanr70.
4. Ingestratrleastr0.8rgramsrofrproteinrforreachrkilogramrofrbodyrweightreachrday.
5. Fluidrintakereachrdayrshouldrberatrleastr13rcupsrforrmenrandr9rcupsrforrwomen.rAns
wer:r 3,r4,r5
Explanation:r 1.rCalciumrintakershouldrber1,200rmgrforrthoseroverrtheragerofr51ryears.
2. OlderrindividualsrneedrsupplementsrofrvitaminsrDrandrB12randrcalcium,rnotrvitaminsrA,rC,rE,randr
K.
3. VitaminrDrintakershouldrber600rIUruprtorager70randr800rIUrifrolderrthanr70.
4. Proteinrintakerforrolderrindividualsrshouldrber0.8rgramsrperrkilogramrofrbodyrweight.
5. Fluidrintakereachrdayrshouldrberatrleastr13rcupsrforrmenrandr9rcupsrforrwomen.rPag
erRef:r102
CognitiverLevel:r Applying
ClientrNeed:r HealthrPromotionrandrMaintenance
ClientrNeedrSub:r HealthrPromotionrandrDiseaserPreventionrN
urs/IntegrConc.:r NursingrProcess:rImplementation
LearningrOutcome:r 3.rIdentifyrnormalrnutritionalrrequirementsrofrtherolderrperson.




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,2) Thernurserhasrcompletedrtherteachingrforranrolderrclientrwithrprescribedrmetformin.rWhichrstat
ementrmaderbyrtherclientrbestrindicatesrthatrtherclientrunderstandsrtherteaching?
1. "Anrappetiterdecreaserwillrhelprmerloserweight."
2. "IrwillraddrvitaminrBrfortifiedrcerealrtormyrbreakfast."
3. "Eatingranimalrproductsratreachrmealrisrneeded."
4. "Drinkingrcoffeerwillroffsetranyrtirednessrorrweakness."rA
nswer:r 2
Explanation:r 1.rMetforminrhasranradversereffectrofranorexiarinrtherelderly.rThoughrweightrlossrisrh
elpfulrinrthoserwhorareroverweight,rardecreaserinrappetitershouldrberaddressedrearlyrandrmonitored.
rTherdosershouldrberreducedrorrthermedicationrchangedrifrthisroccurs.

2. MetforminrisrassociatedrwithrardecreasedrintakerandrabsorptionrofrvitaminrB12.rVitaminrB12rinrf
ortifiedrfoodsrlikerbreakfastrcerealsrisrnotrboundrtorproteinrandrthereforerisrmorerbioavailablerthanrinr
naturalrfoodrsources.
3. AnimalrproductsrarerarterrificrsourcerofrvitaminrB12,rbutrthererarerotherrfoodrsourcesrtorobtainrthisr
nutrient.
4. WeaknessrandrtirednessrcanrbersignsrofrardevelopingrB12rdeficiencyrandrthisrneedsrtorberaddres
sedrwithrtherphysician.rTherclientrshouldrnotrtryrtormakeruprforrthisrwithrcaffeinerintake.rPagerRef:r9
5-98
CognitiverLevel:r Analyzing
ClientrNeed:r PhysiologicalrIntegrity
ClientrNeedrSub:rReductionrofrRiskrPotentialrNurs/
IntegrConc.:r NursingrProcess:rPlanning
LearningrOutcome:rr1.rClassifyrthernormalrchangesrofragingrinrbodyrcompositionrandrdigestion,rabs
orption,randrmetabolismrofrnutrients.

3) Anrolderrclientrwithoutranyrmajorrhealthrproblemsrisrexperiencingrdecreasedrstrengthrandrendur
ancerwhilerperformingrsomeractivities.rWhatrshouldrthernurserexplainrasrtherreasonrforrtherchangerinr
strengthrandrendurance?
1. Depression
2. Decreaserinrleanrmusclermass
3. LoweredrabsorptionrofrvitaminrD
4. Increaserinrcholecystokininrproductionr
Answer:r 2
Explanation:r 1.rDepressionrisrnotrarnormalrpartrofrtheragingrprocess.
2. Leanrmusclermassrdiminishesrwithraging.rThisrcanrleadrtorarlossrofrtyperIIrmusclerfibersrthatraffe
ctrstrengthrandrendurance.
3. DiminishedrvitaminrDrabsorptionrleadsrtorbonerloss.
4. Cholecystokininrproductionrincreasesrwithragerandrcanrcauserearlyrsatietyrandrlowrhunger.rPa
gerRef:r97
CognitiverLevel:r Applying
ClientrNeed:r HealthrPromotionrandrMaintenancer
ClientrNeedrSub:rrAgingrProcess
Nurs/IntegrConc.:r NursingrProcess:rImplementation
LearningrOutcome:r1.rClassifyrthernormalrchangesrofragingrinrbodyrcompositionrandrdigestion,rabsorp
tion,randrmetabolismrofrnutrients.



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, 4) Thernurserinstructedranrolderrclientronrtherimportancerofrmaintainingradequaterhydration.rW
hichrstatementrbyrtherclientrmostrindicatesrthatradditionalrteachingrisrneeded?
1. "I'llrdrinkrwater,rtea,rsoda,rorrjuicerwheneverrIrfeelrthirsty."
2. "Ircanraddranrextrarcuprofrcoffeerwithrbreakfastrandrdinner."
3. "Irwillrsetruprarschedulertordrinkrwaterreveryrfewrhoursrthroughoutrtherday."
4. "IfrIrdrinkrarlotrofrfluids,rI'llrgetrmorerexerciserrunningrtortherbathroom."rAns
wer:r 1
Explanation:r 1.rTherclientrneedsradditionalrinstructionsrregardingradequaterfluidrintake.rBecauserthe
rthirstrmechanismrbecomesrbluntedrwithrage,rtherclientrcannotrrelyronrfeelingrthirstyrasrarsignalrtorme

etrhydrationrrequirements.rAlso,rsweetrandrcaffeinatedrbeveragesrshouldrberlimited.
2. Preferably,rtherclientrwouldraddrdecaffeinatedrfluids,rwhichrarerallowedrandrwillrnotrleadrtordiu
resis.rHowever,rextrarfluidrisrstillrarpositiverstep.
3. Userofrarschedulertormaintainradequaterfluidrintakerisrpreferredrbecauseritrprovidesrtherclientrwith
rarcontinuousrstimulusrtortakerfluids.rThernurserwouldrlikertorhelprtherclientrcomeruprwithrarmorerdet

ailedrplan,rsuchrasrdrinkingranr8rozrglassreveryrtworhours.
4. Therclientrcanrexpectrtorurinatermoreroftenrwithrtherincreasedrfluidrintake.rTherclientrshouldrberc
autionedrtorreducerfluidrintakercloserrtorbedtimertorreducerfallrhazardsrwithrfrequentrbathroomrtrip
s.
PagerRef:r93-99
CognitiverLevel:r Analyzing
ClientrNeed:r HealthrPromotionrandrMaintenance
ClientrNeedrSub:r HealthrPromotionrandrDiseaserPreventionrN
urs/IntegrConc.:rrNursingrProcess:rEvaluation
LearningrOutcome:rr1.rClassifyrthernormalrchangesrofragingrinrbodyrcompositionrandrdigestion,rabs
orption,randrmetabolismrofrnutrients.




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Copyrightr©r2019rPearsonrEducation,rInc.