Exam (elaborations)
Gerontological Nursing, 4e (Tabloski) Chapter 23 The Immune System
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Gerontological Nursing, 4e (Tabloski) Chapter 23 The Immune System
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Gerontological Nursing, 4e (Tabloski)Chapter 23 The Immune System
1) Arpatientrasksrthernurserhowrtherimmunersystemrprotectsrtherbody.rWhatrisrthernurse'srbestrresp
onse?
1. "Self-recognitionrallowsrtherimmunersystemrtorrecognizerforeignrparts."
2. "Memoryrmeansrthatrtherimmunersystemrdevelopsrlastingrprotectionragainstrspecificrin
vaders."
3. "Specificityrisrtherabilityrofrtherimmunersystemrtorreactrwithrarparticularrresponsertoroneranti
gen."
4. "Tolerancerisrthertermrforrtherabilityrofrtherimmunersystemrtordifferentiaterbetweenrtherper
son'srbodyrandrforeignrsubstances."
Answer:r 2
Explanation:r 1.rSelf-
recognitionrorrtolerancerisrtherabilityrofrtherimmunersystemrtordifferentiaterbetweenrsubstancesrthatr
arerpartrofrtherperson'srbodyrandrthoserthatrarerforeign.
2. Memoryrmeansrthatrtherimmunersystemrhasrthercapacityrtordeveloprlong-
lastingrprotectionragainstrspecificrinvaders.rArresidualrsetrofrcellsrthatrarerspecificrtoreachrantigenrr
emainsrinrtherbody,rtorberstimulatedrwhenrtherantigenrpresentsritselfratrarlaterrtime.rEachrsuccessiver
timertherantigenrisrencountered,rarquickerrandrmorerintenserreactionrisrstimulatedrbyrtherimmunersy
stemrinrtherhealthyrolderrperson.
3. Specificityrrefersrtortherabilityrofrtherimmunersystemrtorreactrwithrarparticularrimmunerres
ponsertoronerantigen.rEachrnewrantigenrstimulatesrardifferentrimmunerresponse.
4. Tolerancerisranotherrtermrforrself-
recognitionrandrisrtherabilityrofrtherimmunersystemrtordifferentiaterbetweenrsubstancesrthatrarer
partrofrtherperson'srbodyrandrthoserthatrarerforeign.rPagerRef:r652
CognitiverLevel:r Analyzing
ClientrNeed:r PhysiologicalrIntegrity
ClientrNeedrSub:rReductionrofrRiskrPotentialrNur
s/IntegrConc.:r NursingrProcess:rAssessment
LearningrOutcome:r 2.rDescribertherthreeruniquercharacteristicsrofrtherimmunersystem.
1
Copyrightr©r2019rPearsonrEducation,rInc.
,2) Therphysicianrordersrarpneumococcalrvaccinationrforrar70-year-
oldrpatient.rHowrdoesrthernurserbestrdescriberthisrimmunization?
1. Antibodyrresponserisrlowerrinrtherolderrperson
2. Cellularrresponserinrtherimmunersystemrincreases
3. Agingrcausesrardecreasedrantibodyrproductionrtorself
4. IncreasedrproductionrofrIgErleadsrtorgreaterrriskrofrpneumoniarA
nswer:r 1
Explanation:r1.rTorpreventrseriousrcomplications,rallrpeopler65ryearsrofragerandrolderrshouldrrecei
verarpneumococcalrvaccine.rAntibodyrresponserisroftenrlowerrinrtherolderrpersonrandrmayrdeclinera
fterr5rtor10ryears.
2. Arsignrofragingrinrtherimmunersystemrisranroverallrdeclinerinrtherspeedrofrthercellularrresp
onse.
3. Arsignrofragingrinrtherimmunersystemrisranrincreaserinrantibodyrproductionragainstrself.
4. Overrtime,rthersecondaryrimmunerresponsermayralsorshowrchanges.rThernumberrofrBrcellsrinrther
circulationrdecreasesrinrsomerindividuals.rAsrarresult,rtissuesrarerslowerrtorrepairrandrarermorervuln
erablertordisease,respeciallyrinfections.rArdeclinerinrtherproductionrofrIgErleadsrtorardecreaserinraller
gicrorrhypersensitivityrreactions.
PagerRef:r656,r666rCognitive
rLevel:r Analyzing
ClientrNeed:r PhysiologicalrIntegrity
ClientrNeedrSub:rReductionrofrRiskrPotentialrNurs/Int
egrConc.:r NursingrProcess:rImplementation
LearningrOutcome:r 4.rDistinguishrthersimilarities,rdifferences,randrinteractionsramongrtherhu
moralrimmunerresponserandrthercellularrimmunerresponse.
3) Thernurserisrreviewingrtherwhiterbloodrcellrcountrforranrolderrpatient.rWhichrtyperofrcellrhasrme
moryrandrselfrrecognition?
1. Monocytes
2. Neutrophils
3. Lymphocytes
4. Thrombocytesr
Answer:r 3
Explanation:r 1.rMonocytesrarerwhiterbloodrcellsrthatrbecomerlargerphagocyticrcellsrwhenrsti
mulatedrandrareractiverinrinflammation.
2. Neutrophilsrarerwhiterbloodrcellsrthatrdirectlyrfightragainstrbacteria.
3. Lymphocytesrarertherprimaryrcellsrconcernedrwithrtherdevelopmentrofrimmunity.rOfrallrwhiterblo
odrcells,ronlyrlymphocytesrhavertherabilityrforrself-recognition,rspecificity,randrmemory.
4. Thrombocytesrarernotrwhiterbloodrcellsrbutrarerplateletsrthatrarerinvolvedrinrclotting.rPa
gerRef:r652
CognitiverLevel:r Analyzing
ClientrNeed:r PhysiologicalrIntegrity
ClientrNeedrSub:rReductionrofrRiskrPotentialrNur
s/IntegrConc.:r NursingrProcess:rAssessment
LearningrOutcome:r 4.rDistinguishrthersimilarities,rdifferences,randrinteractionsramongrtherhu
moralrimmunerresponserandrthercellularrimmunerresponse.
2
Copyrightr©r2019rPearsonrEducation,rInc.
, 4) Anrolderrpatientrexperiencedranranaphylacticrreactionrafterreatingrshrimp.rHowrwouldrthernur
serbestrdescriberthisrresponse?
1. TyperIrhypersensitivityrresponse
2. TyperIIrhypersensitivityrresponse
3. TyperIIIrhypersensitivityrresponse
4. TyperIVrhypersensitivityrresponser
Answer:r 1
Explanation:r1.rTyperIrhypersensitivityrresponsesroccurrimmediatelyrandrincluderanaphylacticrreactio
ns.
2. TyperIIrhypersensitivityrresponsesroccurrinrresponsertoranrallergyrtordrugs.
3. TyperIIIrhypersensitivityrresponsesrincluderserumrsickness.
4. TyperIVrhypersensitivityrresponsesrincluderallergicrcontactrdermatitis.rP
agerRef:r660
CognitiverLevel:r Analyzing
ClientrNeed:r PhysiologicalrIntegrity
ClientrNeedrSub:rPhysiologicalrAdaptationrNurs/
IntegrConc.:r NursingrProcess:rAssessment
LearningrOutcome:r4.rDistinguishrthersimilarities,rdifferences,randrinteractionsramongrtherhumora
lrimmunerresponserandrthercellularrimmunerresponse.
5) Anrolderrpatientrisrdiagnosedrwithrasthma.rWhatrshouldrthernurserteachrtherpatientraboutrthisrheal
thrproblem?rSelectrallrthatrapply.
1. ItrisrartyperIrhypersensitivityrresponse.
2. Itemsrthatrprecipitaterattacksrmustrberidentified.
3. Itrisrnotrparticularlyrprevalentrinrtherolderrperson.
4. Symptomsrofrtherdisorderrlikelyrwererpresentrearlierrinrlife.
5. Medicationsrtortreatrmayraggravaterotherrmedicalrproblems.rA
nswer:r 1,r2,r4,r5
Explanation:r 1.rAsthmarisrarcommonrhypersensitivityrtyperIrproblemrthatrisroftenrun
derdiagnosedrinrtherolderrperson.
2. Interventionsrshouldrberaimedratridentifyingrallergensrthatrprecipitaterattacksrandrreducingrthe
mrinrtherhome.
3. TyperIrhypersensitivityrreactionsrdoroccurrinrtherolderrperson.rTyperIIrhypersensitivityrrea
ctionsrarernotrparticularlyrprevalentrinrtherolderrperson.
4. Patientsrwithrasthmararermorerlikelyrtorhaverhadrsymptomsrearlierrinrlife.
5. Asthmarmedicationsrmayraggravatercoexistingrmedicalrconditions.rP
agerRef:r661
CognitiverLevel:r Applying
ClientrNeed:r PhysiologicalrIntegrity
ClientrNeedrSub:rReductionrofrRiskrPotentialrNurs/Int
egrConc.:r NursingrProcess:rImplementation
LearningrOutcome:r5.rAssociatertherpathologyrthatrunderliesrillnessesrassociatedrwithrbothrexcessiver
andrdeficientrimmunerresponses.
3
Copyrightr©r2019rPearsonrEducation,rInc.
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