1.06 Byzantine Empire Achievement and Expansion
-Why did the city of Constantinople thrive?
-What advancements did Constantine bring to Constantinople?
-How did Constantinople reflect both Asian and European culture?
-What were the four main social classes in Byzantine society? Describe each. (Upper class,
Middle class, Lower class, Slaves)
-What cultural contributions did the Byzantines make? (Literature, Architecture, Arts, Learning)
-Who were Justinian and Theodora?
-What were the major events and achievements of Justinian's reign? Describe each. (Nika
Rebellion, Justinian's Code, Justinian's Plague, Expansion/reconquest of territory, Hagia
Sophia)
-Why is Justinian's Code considered a major contribution? - ANS-Big Ideas
(born 497 - died 548 CE): the Byzantine empress during the reign of Justinian I -
ANS-Theodora:
(born c. 505 - died 565 CE): a Byzantine general during the rule of Justinian I - ANS-Belisarius:
1: Justinian I is born in 483 CE under the original name of Petrus Sabbatius in Tauresium,
Dardania, which is south of present-day Serbia.
2: Justinian I succeeds his uncle, Justin I, as emperor of the Byzantine Empire after Justin's
death on August 1, 527 CE.
3: Justinian establishes a code of law in 528 CE and 529 CE. Roman law is thought to be
derived from the Code of Justinian.
4: Around the time Justinian I took the throne, his troops were fighting Persian armies along the
Euphrates River.
5: The Nika Rebellion occurs in 532 CE. Constantinople is severely damaged after riots take
place. Justinian thinks about giving up the throne and leaving the region, but he eventually
decides to keep his post.
, 6: In 532 CE, the Byzantines and Persians reached an agreement called the Treaty of Eternal
Peace. The Byzantines lost no territory and their power over a key piece of land was recognized
by Persia. Justinian had t - ANS-Events 1-11 (^)
a channel or bridge-like structure designed to transport water - ANS-aqueduct:
a collection of laws and legal interpretations formed with the support of the Byzantine emperor
Justinian I - ANS-Justinian Code:
a political riot in Constantinople in 532 CE - ANS-Nika Rebellion:
a strait connecting the Mediterranean and Black seas that forms the boundary between the
European and Asian parts of Turkey - ANS-Bosporus:
an open-air stadium with an oval track that was used for chariot racing and other events -
ANS-hippodrome:
Because of its central location between Asia and Europe, Constantinople became a center of
trade and commerce. Merchants, craftspeople, and others seeking work flocked to the city from
the Mediterranean region. Scholars estimate that the population of the city during the reign of
Justinian I (527-565 CE) reached about 500,000. The city's walls had to be expanded outward
several times to accommodate the rapidly expanding population.
The thriving commerce of Constantinople brought in huge amounts of money. Many merchants
became wealthy. Also, because the city tolerated non-Christians, merchants from many different
regions and backgrounds migrated to the city. The city's government set up quarters where
merchants of specific religious backgrounds could live. As a result, Arab merchants lived in a
quarter where they worshiped in mosques, and Jewish traders lived in a quarter where they
worshiped in synagogues.
Despite - ANS-How Did Constantinople's Location Contribute to Trade?
belonging (usually born into) a class with high social and/or political status - ANS-noble:
Byzantine architecture was shaped by Roman and Near Eastern influences. For example,
Byzantine architects constructed churches that combined the basilica and centralized churches.
A basilica is a long, rectangular shaped building that was used in Rome. Centralized churches
were often constructed in Greece and the Near East. The Santa Sabina, for instance, combines
both Roman and Greek architectural elements. - ANS-Architecture
Byzantine emperor who reigned for nearly 40 years and significantly expanded the empire's
territory through several military campaigns - ANS-Justinian I:
Byzantine Society - Emperor Rules The Entire Byzantine Empire
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