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NP235 Exam 2 Review 2024/2025 ;100% complete newest version guide (verified)
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NP235 Exam 2 Review 2024/2025 ;100% complete newest version guide (verified)
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NP235 Exam 2 Review% of whole blood that is RBCs - ANS-what is hemocrit
a nonsurgical interventional technique to open blocked coronary arteries. It is performed in the
cardiac catheterization laboratory using fluoroscopy. A catheter with a balloon tip is threaded
into the blocked artery, and when the narrowed area is reached, the balloon is inflated, pushing
aside the plaque and widening the interior of the artery and a stent is usually placed. -
ANS-What is Percutaneous Transluminal Coronary Angioplasty aka PTCA?
administration of oxygen, pain-relieving drugs, and oral and intravenous fluids to reduce pain
and prevent complications. Doctors also may recommend blood transfusions, folic acid
supplements, and antibiotics.
A bone marrow transplant may be an effective treatment in some circumstances - ANS-What is
the priority in treating sickle cell patients
age, race, gender, family history - ANS-non modifiable risk factors for cornary artary disease
Becuase they have pernicious Anemia
a decreased secretion of intrinsic factor from the stomach, - ANS-why would a patient require
B12 injections
Bleeding into the joints (hemarthrosis) is not uncommon in certain kinds of anemia or in
hemophilia.
for hospitalized pts. abdominal girth should be measured daily to detect internal bleeding
Blood loss in the GI tract from an ulcer, tumor, or hiatal hernia can be in small amounts or in a
large enough amount to make stool appear black (melena). Loss of 50 to 75 mL of blood from
the upper GI tract is required before melena will appear. - ANS-What are some signs and
symptoms of Thrombocytopenia?
blood disorder that results in uncontrolled RBC production causing hyperviscosity &
hypercoagulation. Causes thick blood. - ANS-What is Polycythemia Vera?
caused by incomplete metabolism of fats resulting from an absence or insufficient supply of
insulin. When insulin is not present in adequate amounts to meet metabolic needs, the body
breaks down protein and fat for energy. This produces an abundance of the by-products of fat
, metabolism, which are potent organic acids called ketones. - ANS-What is Diabetic
Ketoacidosis?
characterized by spasm of the arteries of the upper and lower extremities with an exaggerated
response to cold and stress, resulting in bilateral vasospasm. - ANS-Raynaud's disease
Chest discomfort, including feeling of tightness, aching, burning
Chest pain (angina pectoris) radiating to the arm, jaw, or back
Dyspnea (shortness of breath)
Palpitations or tachycardia
Nausea and vomiting
Cold, clammy skin
Undue fatigue (particularly in women)
Weakness and inability to complete usual activities without chest pain or dyspnea - ANS-What
are some signs and symptoms of an Acute Myocardial Infarction?
Cigarette smoking must be stopped immediately.
Those who do not stop smoking are at great risk for gangrene and amputation of fingers or toes.
Exercise may be used to increase circulation in the legs and feet. - ANS-What would you
educate your patient on who has Buerger Disease?
Continued bleeding from an injection or IV site, extensive bruising in areas of injury,
ecchymoses where there has been no trauma, and petechiae.
There may be oral, vaginal, or rectal bleeding. Laboratory studies will reveal a decreased
hemoglobin and low platelet count.
The prothrombin and activated partial thromboplastin times will be increased.
The fibrinogen level is reduced, and the fibrin degradation products level is increased. The
D-dimer result is elevated. - ANS-What are s/s of DIC
correcting the underlying cause; restricting fluids to 500 to 1000 mL/day; and administering
sodium chloride, diuretics, and demeclocycline (a tetracycline) to increase excretion of water.
Tolvaptan (Samsca) is approved for the treatment of hyponatremia in SIADH. Tolvaptan
improves serum sodium levels within 8 hours when given as an IV infusion by blocking the
action of ADH; however, there is a danger of overcorrection, and sodium levels need to be
closely monitored. - ANS-How do you treat Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone?
Damaged tissue liberates tissue thromboplastin, creating a state of excessive clotting in the
microcirculation throughout the body. When excessive clotting depletes the body's clotting
factors, hemorrhage follows, leading to hypotension or shock. - ANS-What is DIC?
Excessive amounts of Antidiuretic Hormone are produced, resulting in fluid retention. Numerous
factors can cause SIADH, including malignancies and tumors pressing on the pituitary
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