TEST BANK
WONG’S NURSING CARE OF INFANTS AND KIDS
12TH EDITION BY MARILYN J. HOCKENBERRY,
ELIZABETH A. DUFFY, KAREN
,Chapter 01: Perspectives of Pediatric Nursing
Hockenberry: Wong’s Nursing Care of Infants and Kids, 12th Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. What is the major cause of death for children in the United States?
a. Heart disease
b. Childhood cancer
c. Injuries
d. Congenital anomalies
CORRECT CHOICE:-> C
Rationale :->>Unintentional injuries (accidents) are the leading cause of death after age 1
year through adolescence. The leading cause of death for those younger than 1 year is
congenital anomalies, and childhood cancers and heart disease cause a significantly lower
percentage of deaths in Kids older than 1 year of age.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding TOP: Nursing Process: Planning
MSC: Patient Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
2. Parents/gurdians of a hospitalized toddler ask the caregiver, “What is meant by family-centered
care?” The
caregiver should respond with which statement?
a. Family-centered care reduces the effect of cultural diversity on the family.
b. Family-centered care encourages family dependence on the health care system.
c. Family-centered care recognizes that the family is the constant in a child’s life.
d. Family-centered care avoids expecting families to be part of the decision-making
process.
CORRECT CHOICE:-> C
Rationale :->>The three key components of family-centered care are respect, collaboration,
and support. Family-centered care recognizes the family as the constant in the child’s life.
The family should be enabled and empowered to work with the health care system and is
expected to be part of the decision-making process. The caregiver should also support the
family’s cultural diversity, not reduce its effect.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying TOP: Nursing Process: Implementation
MSC: Patient Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
3. Evidence-based practice (EBP), a decision-making model, is best described as which?
a. Using information in textbooks to guide care
b. Combining knowledge with clinical experience and intuition
c. Using a professional code of ethics as a means for decision making
d. Gathering all evidence that applies to the child’s health and family situation
CORRECT CHOICE:-> B
Rationale :->>EBP helps focus on measurable outcomes; the use of demonstrated, effective
interventions; and questioning the best approach. EBP involves decision making based on the
integration of the best research evidence combined with clinical expertise and patient values.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering TOP: Nursing Process: Planning
MSC: Patient Needs: Safe and Effective Care Environment
,4. The caregiver is talking to a group of parents/gurdians of school-age Kids at an after-school
program about childhood health problems. Which statement should the caregiver include in
the teaching?
a. Childhood obesity is the most common nutritional problem among Kids.
b. Immunization rates are the same among Kids of different races and ethnicity.
c. Dental caries is not a problem commonly seen in Kids since the introduction of
fluorinated water.
d. Mental health problems are typically not seen in school-age Kids but may be
diagnosed in adolescents.
CORRECT CHOICE:-> A
Rationale :->>When teaching parents/gurdians of school-age Kids about childhood health
problems, the caregiver should include information about childhood obesity because it is the
most common problem among Kids and is associated with type 2 diabetes. Teaching
parents/gurdians about ways to prevent obesity is important to include. Immunization rates
differ depending on the child’s race and ethnicity; dental caries continues to be a common
chronic disease in childhood; and mental health problems are seen in Kids as young as school
age, not just in adolescents.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying TOP: Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning
MSC: Patient Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
5. The caregiver is planning care for a hospitalized preschool-aged child. Which should the
caregiver plan to ensure atraumatic care?
a. Limit explanation of procedures because the child is preschool aged.
b. Ask that all family members leave the room when performing procedures.
c. Allow the child to choose the type of juice to drink with the administration of oral
medications.
d. Explain that EMLA cream cannot be used for the morning lab draw because there
is not time for it to be effective.
CORRECT CHOICE:-> C
Rationale :->>The overriding goal in providing atraumatic care is first, do no harm. Allowing
the child, a choice of juice to drink when taking oral medications provides the child with a
sense of control. The preschool child should be prepared before procedures, so limiting
explanations of procedures would increase anxiety. The family should be allowed to stay with
the child during procedures, minimizing stress. Lidocaine/prilocaine (EMLA) cream is a
topical local anesthetic. The caregiver should plan to use the prescribed cream in time for
morning laboratory draws to minimize pain.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying TOP: Nursing Process: Planning
MSC: Patient Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
6. Which situation denotes a nontherapeutic caregiver–patient–family relationship?
a. The caregiver is planning to read a favorite fairy tale to a patient.
b. During shift report, the caregiver is criticizing parents/gurdians for not visiting their child.
c. The caregiver is discussing with a fellow caregiver the emotional draw to a certain patient.
d. The caregiver is working with a family to find ways to decrease the family’s
dependence on health care providers.
CORRECT CHOICE:-> B
, Rationale :->>Criticizing parents/gurdians for not visiting in shift report is nontherapeutic
and shows an under involvement with the parents/gurdians. Reading a fairy tale is a
therapeutic and age-appropriate action. Discussing feelings of an emotional draw with a
fellow caregiver is therapeutic and shows a willingness to understand feelings. Working with
parents/gurdians to decrease dependence on health care providers is therapeutic and helps to
empower the family.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Analyzing TOP: Integrated Process: Caring
MSC: Patient Needs: Psychosocial Integrity
7. The caregiver is aware that which age-group is at risk for childhood injury because of
the cognitive characteristic of magical and egocentric thinking?
a. Preschool
b. Young school age
c. Middle school age
d. Adolescent
CORRECT CHOICE:-> A
Rationale :->>Preschool Kids have the cognitive characteristic of magical and egocentric
thinking, meaning they are unable to comprehend danger to self or others. Young and middle
school-aged Kids have transitional cognitive processes, and they may attempt dangerous acts
without detailed planning but recognize danger to themselves or others. Adolescents have
formal operational cognitive processes and are preoccupied with abstract thinking.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment
MSC: Patient Needs: Safe and Effective Care Environment
8. The school caregiver is assessing Kids for risk factors related to childhood injuries. Which
child has the most risk factors related to childhood injury?
a. Female, multiple siblings, stable home life
b. Male, high activity level, stressful home life
c. Male, even tempered, history of previous injuries
d. Female, reacts negatively to new situations, no serious previous injuries
CORRECT CHOICE:-> B
Rationale :->>Boys have a preponderance for injuries over girls because of a difference in
behavioral characteristics, a high activity temperament is associated with risk-taking
behaviors, and stress predisposes Kids to increased risk taking and self-destructive behaviors.
Therefore, a male child with a high activity level and living in a stressful environment has the
highest number of risk factors. A girl with several siblings and a stable home life is low risk.
A boy with previous injuries has two risk factors, but an even temper is not a risk factor for
injuries. A girl who reacts negatively to new situations but has no previous serious illnesses
has only one risk factor.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Analyzing TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment
MSC: Patient Needs: Safe and Effective Care Environment
9. An adolescent patient wants to make decisions about treatment options, along with his
parents/gurdians. Which moral value is the caregiver displaying when supporting the
adolescent to make decisions?
a. Justice
b. Autonomy
