TEST BANK: MATERNAL-NEWBORN NURSING: THE CRITICAL
COMPONENTS OF NURSING CARE, 4TH EDITION, ROBERTA
DURHAM, AND LINDA CHAPMAN
Chapter 1: Trends and Issues
MULTIPLE CHOICE
, 1. The registered nurse(RN) is caring for a client who is in labor with her first child. The
client’s mother is present for support and notes that things have changed in the delivery
room since she last gave birth in the early 1980s. Which current trend or intervention may
the client’s mother find most different?
1. Fetal monitoring throughout labor
2. Postpartum stay of 10 days
3. Expectant partner and family in operating room for cesarean birth
4. Hospital support for breastfeeding
CORRECT CHOICE: 4
Chapter: Chapter 1 Trends and Issues
Chapter Learning Objective: 1. Discuss current trends in the management of labor and birth
Page: 4
Heading: Table 1-1: Past and Present Trends
Integrated Processes: Nursing Process
Client Need: Health Promotion and Maintenance
Cognitive Level: Application [Applying]
Concept: Evidence-Based Practice
Difficulty: Moderate
Rationale
1 This is incorrect. Fetal monitoring during labor began in the late 1970s. As such,
this likely would have occurred during the mother’s labor and delivery during
the 1980s.
2 This is incorrect. In the past, the average hospital postpartum stay was 10 days.
Presently, the average postpartum stay is 48 hours or less.
3 This is incorrect. In the past, expectant partners and families were excluded from
the labor and birth experience. Present trends involve the expectant partner and
family in the labor and birth experience, including presence in the operating
room for cesarean births.
4 This is correct. Hospital support for breastfeeding, including a lactation
consultant and employment of the Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative, were both
enacted during the early 1990s.
PTS: 1 CON: Evidence-Based Practice
2. A client with a history of hypertension is giving birth. During delivery, the staff was not
able to stabilize the client’s blood pressure. As a result, the client died shortly after
delivery. This is an example of what type of death?
1. Early maternal death
2. Late maternal death
, 3. Direct obstetric death
4. Indirect obstetric death
CORRECT CHOICE: 4
Chapter: Chapter 1 Trends and Issues
Chapter Learning Objective: 2. Discuss current trends in maternal and infant health
outcomes.
Page: 7
Heading: Trends > Maternal Death and Mortality Rates
Integrated Processes: Nursing Process
Client Need: Physiological Integrity: Reduction of Risk Potential
Cognitive Level: Application [Applying]
Concept: Ante/Intra/Post-partum
Difficulty: Hard
Rationale
1 This is incorrect. Early maternal death is not an example of maternal death.
Examples of maternal death include late maternal death, indirect obstetric death,
direct obstetric death, and pregnancy-related death.
2 This is incorrect. Late maternal death occurs 42 days after termination of
pregnancy from a direct or indirect obstetric cause.
3 This is incorrect. Direct obstetric death results from complications during
pregnancy, labor, birth, and/or postpartum period.
4 This is correct. Indirect obstetric death is caused by a preexisting disease, or a
disease that develops during pregnancy.
PTS: 1 CON: Ante/Intra/Post-partum
3. The registered nurse(RN) is providing education to a client who has given birth to her first
child and is being discharged home. The client expressed concern regarding infant mortality
and sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). The client had an uncomplicated pregnancy,
labor, and vaginal delivery. She has a body mass index of 25 and has no other health
conditions. The infant is healthy and was delivered full-term. What will be most helpful
thing to explain to the client?
1. Uses of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation therapy (ECMO)
2. Uses of exogenous pulmonary surfactant
3. The Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative
4. The Safe to Sleep campaign
CORRECT CHOICE: 4
Chapter: Chapter 1 Trends and Issues
Chapter Learning Objective: 3. Identify leading causes of infant death.
Page: 7
Heading: Trends > Infant Mortality Rates
Integrated Processes: Nursing process
Client Need: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Safety and Infection Control
Cognitive Level: Application [Applying]
Concept: Health Promotion
Difficulty: Moderate
, Rationale
1 This is incorrect. EMCO has been cited as one of the factors that has reduced
infant mortality among preterm infants.
2 This is incorrect. Although advances in medical treatments have decreased infant
mortality, exogenous pulmonary surfactant is primarily used to reduce mortality of
preterm infants.
3 This is incorrect. The Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative was developed to support
breastfeeding and is not directly linked to reduced infant mortality or SIDS.
4 This is correct. The Back to Sleep campaign and the Safe to Sleep campaigns were
designed to promote healthy infant sleeping habits. The decrease in SIDS from
1995 to 2015 was attributed to the Safe to Sleep campaign.
PTS: 1 CON: Health Promotion
4. The registered nurse(RN) is caring for a 14-year-old client who is 32 weeks pregnant.
After complaining of genital sores and discomfort, the client tests positive for syphilis.
The fetus is at increased risk of which condition?
1. Diabetes
2. Blindness
3. Pneumonia
4. Hypertension
CORRECT CHOICE: 4
Chapter: Chapter 1 Trends and Issues
Chapter Learning Objective: 4. Discuss current maternal and infant health issues.
Page: 10
Heading: Issues > Teen Pregnancy > Implications of Teen Pregnancy and Birth
Integrated Processes: Nursing Process
Client Need: Physiological Integrity: Reduction of Risk Potential
Cognitive Level: Application [Applying]
Concept: Ante/Intra/Post-partum
Difficulty: Moderate
Rationale
1 This is incorrect. Maternal obesity increases a child’s risk of developing
childhood obesity and diabetes.
2 This is correct. Neonatal blindness, maternal death, and neonatal death are all
associated with a client who contracts syphilis during pregnancy.
3 This is incorrect. Chlamydial pneumonia is associated with maternal chlamydia.
4 This is incorrect. Teen mothers may have a higher risk of contracting sexually
trCorrect choicemitted illnesses and hypertension during pregnancy; however,
maternal
syphilis is not associated with fetal hypertension.
PTS: 1 CON: Ante/Intra/Post-partum
5. The registered nurse(RN) is caring for a 15-year-old female who is pregnant with her first
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