Exam (elaborations)
NURS 4500 - Urinary Test Questions and Answers
- Course
- Institution
NURS 4500 - Urinary Test Questions and Answers
[Show more]
Content preview
NURS 4500 - Urinary Test Questions and AnswersTreatment of Hyponatremia Correct-- IV isotonic solutions (If fluid levels are low)
- Fluid restriction (If increased fluid causing problem)
- Medications to treat symptoms
- W/ severe cases, hypertonic solutions may be used
Signs of Hypernatremia Correct-- Headache, confusion, or irritability
- Drowsiness
- Seizures
- Muscle weakness or twitching
- Tachypnea
- Nausea and vomiting
- Intense thirst
- Dry eyes or mouth
Treatment of Hypernatremia Correct-- Treatment of underlying cause
,- Fluids by mouth & IV to balance sodium & water
Normal K+ Levels Correct-- 3.5-5.0 mEq/L
Symptoms of Hypokalemia Correct-- Weakness/tiredness
- Muscle cramping/weakness
- Tingling or numbness
- Nausea or vomiting
- Abdominal bloating
- Constipation
- Palpitations
- Increased urine output
- Polydipsia
- Orthostatic hypotension
- Depression, psychosis, or confusion
- Arrhythmias
,Secondary Functions of the Kidneys Correct-- Regulating BP (Retain water & Na+ or excrete
it)
- Regulating bone density (Vit. D found in kidneys, if excreted = not holding onto calcium, hold
onto vit. d = holding onto calcium, ^ bone density)
- Erythropoietin (Hormone to increase production of Red blood cells = more hemoglobin ^ O2)
Normal Na+ Levels Correct-- 135-145 mEq/L
Signs of Hyponatremia Correct-- Nausea and vomiting
- Headache
- Confusion
- Loss of energy and fatigue
- Restlessness and irritability
- Muscle weakness, spasms or cramps
- Seizures
- Coma
Treatment of Hypokalemia Correct-- Potassium replacement
, - Severely low = IV bolus & cardiac monitor
Symptoms of Hyperkalemia Correct-- Nausea or vomiting
- Fatigue
- Muscle weakness or tingling
- More severe symptoms include; arrhythmias, weak pulse, and cardiac arrest
Treatment of Hyperkalemia Correct-- Treatment of underlying cause
- Diet low in potassium
- IV dextrose (To move K+ back into cells for excretion)
- Sodium bicarbonate
- Diuretics to remove excess K+
- Dialysis if other measures are unsuccessful or if pt has kidney failure
Effects of Aging on Urinary System Correct-- Decrease in size & weight of kidney (30-90
years)
- Decreased blood flow (Body mass decrease, less force needed for pushing blood)
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller TheeGrades. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $15.99. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
80467 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now