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Medical JBL Test Prep Questions and Answers 2024
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Medical JBL Test Prep
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Medical JBL Test PrepFollowing prolonged dehydration , a 67 yo man presents with hypotension, tachycardia,
and oliguria. He has no past medical history. Which of the following is the MOST likely
cause of his condition?
a. Chronic renal failure
b. Intrarenal acute renal failure
c. Postrenal failure
d. Prerenal acute renal failure - answerd. Prerenal acute renal failure
You receive a call for a 55-year-old female who is ill. The patient's husband tells you
that she is an alcoholic, and has been "on the wagon" for about a week. The patient is
conscious, but confused and restless. Her skin is hot to the touch, she is profusely
diaphoretic, and her hands are shaking. Her blood pressure is 180/90 mm Hg, pulse is
120 beats/min, respirations are 24 breaths/min, and oxygen saturation is 98% on room
air. You should:
A: provide emotional support, administer oxygen via nasal cannula, establish vascular
access, monitor her cardiac rhythm, assess her blood glucose level, and transport.
B: provide reassurance, establish vascular access and give a saline bolus, give oxygen
via nonrebreathing mask, administer 5 mg of diazepam to prevent seizures, and
transport.
C: administer high-flow oxygen via nonrebreathing mask, establish vascular access,
give 2 to 5 mg of midazolam for sedation, monitor her - answerA: provide emotional
support, administer oxygen via nasal cannula, establish vascular access, monitor her
cardiac rhythm, assess her blood glucose level, and transport.
A man was trapped in his burning house for approximately 15 minutes before
firefighters rescued him. He reports burning in his throat and a severe headache. He
has a blood pressure of 180/90 mm Hg, a pulse rate of 120 beats/min, and labored
respirations of 28 breaths/min. In addition to providing supplemental oxygen, treatment
should include:
A: amyl nitrite inhaled in 20-second increments.
B: rapid transport to a local hyperbaric facility.
C: IV administration of 1 mL/kg of ethyl alcohol.
D: a slow infusion of sodium nitroprusside. - answerA: amyl nitrite inhaled in 20-second
increments
Which of the following patients is at greatest risk for suicide?
,A: A woman whose mother committed suicide
B: A man who owns multiple guns and knives
C: A woman whose depression acutely improves
D: A man who has not slept for over 72 hours - answerC: A woman whose depression
acutely improves
Diarrhea, marked bradycardia, miosis, and hypersalivation are MOST consistent with
a/an _____________ toxidrome.
A: amphetamine
B: sympatholytic
C: cholinergic
D: opiate - answerC: cholinergic
Cholinergic - relating to or denoting nerve cells in which acetylcholine acts as a
neurotransmitter.
Acetylcholine - a compound which occurs throughout the nervous system, in which it
functions as a neurotransmitter.
Opiate (narcotic symptoms:
-bradycardia, respiratory depression, hypotension, pupillary constriction
Sympatholitic (ie, alpha or beta blocker) toxicity symptoms:
-bradycardia, hypotension, and hypoglycemia
Amphetamine (upper) toxicity symptoms:
-restlessness, pupillary dilation, tachycardia, hypertension, tachypnea, insomnia
Which of the following drug overdoses could be reversed with the administration of
naloxone?
A: Midazolam
B: Phenobarbitol
C: Adderall
D: Meperidine - answerD: Meperidine
A known heroin abuser is found unresponsive by a law enforcement officer. Your
primary assessment of the patient, a 24-year-old female, reveals that she is
unresponsive, is breathing at a rate of 6 breaths/min and shallow, and has a pulse rate
of 40 beats/min and weak. You should:
A: ensure that her airway is clear and begin assisting her ventilations.
B: administer high-flow oxygen, start an IV, and give her atropine.
C: begin immediate cardiac pacing to increase her heart rate.
,D: intubate her trachea, start an IV line, and give her naloxone. - answerD: intubate her
trachea, start an IV line, and give her naloxone.
Which of the following ECG abnormalities is associated with hypothermia?
A: Flat T waves
B: Osborn wave
C: Sine wave
D: Peaked T waves - answerB: Osborn wave
After being stung by a hornet, a 34-year-old man is unresponsive, has stridorous
respirations, a generalized rash, and swelling to the face and neck. His BP is 70/44 mm
Hg, his pulse is 140 beats/min and thready, and his respirations are 36 breaths/min and
labored. Which of the following represents the MOST appropriate treatment for him?
A: Bag-mask ventilation and 0.3 to 0.5 mg of epinephrine 1:1,000 SC
B: Blind nasal intubation and 3 to 5 mg of epinephrine 1:10,000 IV or IO
C: Orotracheal intubation and 0.1 mg of epinephrine 1:10,000 IV or IO
D: Needle cricothyrotomy and 0.3 to 0.5 mg of epinephrine 1:1,000 SC - answerC:
Orotracheal intubation and 0.1 mg of epinephrine 1:10,000 IV or IO
Obsessive-compulsive disorder falls under which of the following categories?
A: Generalized anxiety disorder
B: Posttraumatic stress disorder
C: Organic brain syndrome
D: Schizophrenia - answerA: Generalized anxiety disorder
You are assessing a patient who presents with a melena and abdominal pain. Which of
the following medical history findings is the MOST clinically significant?
A: Hypertension
B: Hashimoto disease
C: von Willebrand disease
D: Type II diabetes mellitus - answerC: von Willebrand disease
The presence of von Willerbrand disease in a patient with internal bleeding should
concern you the most.
von Willebrand disease - a bleeding disorder similar to hemophilia, is caused by a
deficiency of von Willebrand factor (vWF), a blood clotting protein, vWF circulates
attached to factor VIII, another blood clotting protein. As a consequence von Willebrand,
the normal process of hemostasis is interrupted and the patient will continue to bleed.
Hashimoto disease - is a cause of hyperthyroidism; it is an autoimmune disorder that
affects the thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) receptors. While hypertension,
, Hashimoto disease, and type II diabetes can certainly complicate the clinical picture of
any sick or injured patient, bleeding disorders in a patient with active bleeding would
clearly be the most detrimental.
When assessing a patient with a preexisting mental illness, which of the following
observations would be the MOST suggestive of the potential for violence?
A: Sitting, clenched fists, erratic speech
B: Large body size, sitting, flat affect
C: Sitting, crying, unable to recall birthday
D: Standing facing you, arms crossed - answerA: Sitting, clenched fists, erratic speech
In addition to CPR, treatment for a patient in cardiac arrest with a core body
temperature of 90°F includes:
A: mild hyperventilation to facilitate the production of heat.
B: spacing epinephrine doses at longer than standard intervals.
C: limiting defibrillation to one attempt only if V-Fib is present.
D: avoiding the use of antidysrhythmics such as amiodarone. - answerB: spacing
epinephrine doses at longer than standard intervals.
When assessing a patient who was stung by a bee, which of the following assessment
findings is MOST indicative of anaphylactic shock?
A: Diaphoretic skin
B: Known allergy to bees
C: Flushing of the skin
D: A fine, red rash - answerA: Diaphoretic skin
Which of the following is MOST indicative of hyperglycemic ketoacidosis?
A: Diaphoresis
B: Hyperpnea
C: Bradypnea
D: Acute onset - answerB: Hyperpnea
Which of the following combinations of drugs are indicated for a patient with copious
bronchial secretions, marked bradycardia, and profuse diaphoresis following exposure
to an industrial pesticide?
A: Pralidoxime chloride and diazepam
B: Atropine and physostigmine
C: Atropine and pralidoxime chloride
D: Epinephrine and 2-PAM chloride - answerC: Atropine and pralidoxime chloride
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