Exam (elaborations)
WEST COAST EMT– AIRWAY FINAL PREP QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
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WEST COAST EMT– AIRWAY FINAL PREP QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
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WEST COAST EMT– AIRWAY FINALPREP QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Administration of a Bronchodilator - Answer-Generic: Albuterol. Trade: Proventil,
Ventolin. Route: MDI-metered dose inhaler. Action: Causes bronchodilation and
stimulates nervous system. Indications: Asthma, difficulty breathing with wheezing.
Contraindications: Hypersensitivity, tachycardia, myocardial infarction. Dose: 1-2
inhalations, wait 5 mins between.
Appropriate ventilation rates - Answer-Breathing rate normal: 12-20 bpm.
BVM required when breathing is less than or equal to 6 bpm and greater than 33 bpm.
Ventilation rate: Adult - 1 breath every 5-6 seconds = 10-12 bpm. Child/Infant - 1 breath
every 3-5 seconds = 12-20 bpm
Assessment and treatment of a patient with a foreign body obstruction - Answer-Assess
airway, using appropriate methods: head tilt chin lift vs. jaw thrust maneuver. Assess
the exchange of air, any coughing or noisy breathing such as wheezing? Second, if
patient can breathe, cough forcefully, or talk, do not interfere with patient's efforts and
encourage patient to continue coughing. Stridor and cyanosis, often heard during
inspiration, indicates mild upper airway obstruction. Serious airway obstructions occur
when the patient cannot breathe, talk, or cough, and clutches their throat with the
universal distress signal. Abdominal thrusts are the most effective method of dislodging
foreign body. If patient goes unconscious, begin CPR. When initial attempts are
unsuccessful, begin rapid transport and continue efforts.
Assessment and treatment of asthmatic patient - Answer-Condition caused by acute
spasm of of the bronchioles, associated with excessive mucus production and swelling
of the mucous lining of respiratory passages. Wheezing is heard and indicative of partial
lower airway obstruction. First, assess airway and breathing and listen for wheezing.
Second, listen to patient they often know what to do. Third, assist with MDI and provide
high flow oxygen in the high Fowler's position.
Complications of assisted ventilations - Answer-Gastric distention - inflation of the
stomach with air, which can lead to emesis.
Determining the appropriate oxygen delivery device based on patient signs, symptoms,
and history - Answer-Nonrebreathing mask - Patients having or showing signs of
hypoxia at a rate 10-15 L/min. Nasal cannula - Used when patient cannot tolerate mask,
but usually not preferred. However when used rate is less than 6 L/min. BVM - Patients
that are apneic/irregular breathing, excessive accessory muscle use/labored
breathing/respiratory arrest. Flow rate should be 10-15 L/min.
Identification of hypoxia - Answer-Cyanosis, labored breathing, excessive accessory
muscle use
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