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Bio 120 - Exam 1 Questions and Answers 100% Solved | Latest Update

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Bio 120 - Exam 1 Questions and Answers 100% Solved | Latest Update Synapomorphy - A shared derived character or trait state that distinguishes a clade from the other organisms. Analagous - Having characteristics that are similar because of convergent evolution, not homology. Homologous - Simi...

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Bio 120 - Exam 1 Questions and

Answers 100% Solved | Latest Update


Synapomorphy - ✔✔A shared derived character or trait state that

distinguishes a clade from the other organisms.

Analagous - ✔✔Having characteristics that are similar because of

convergent evolution, not homology.

Homologous - ✔✔Similarity in characteristics resulting from a shared

ancestry.

Porifera - ✔✔Sponges

No true tissues

Mostly marine, aquatic

Asymmetric

2 germ layers (endoderm and ectoderm)

No coelom

Sessile

Sessile - ✔✔Attached directly by its base without a stalk or peduncle.

Cnidaria - ✔✔Jellies, sea Anemones, corals, and hydras

,Mostly marine, aquatic

Radial

2 germ layers (endoderm and ectoderm)

Acoelomate

2 types of body forms (polyp and medusae)

Unique characteristic: cnidocytes

Which phyla have true tissues? - ✔✔Eumetazoans

What are the two body types of Cnidarians? - ✔✔Medusoid and polypoid

What animal group/phyla has no tissue layers? - ✔✔Porifera: sponges

Cnidocytes - ✔✔Stinging cells found in the ectodermal layer of cnidarians.

Spicules - ✔✔Small, hard, needle-like structures that make a sponges

endoskeleton.

Flagellum - ✔✔Attached to the ends of the cells that help pump water

through the sponge.

Choanocyte - ✔✔Cells that line the interior of a sponge. Also known as

"collar cells."

What is the first animal clade to exhibit triploblasty? - ✔✔Playhelmenthis:

soft, unsegmented worms

,Coelom - ✔✔A fluid filled cavity that stores and protects the major organs

and allows the internal organs to move independently from the body wall.

Also provides shock resistance. Even though all coelomates are triploblast,

NOT ALL triploblasts have a coelom.

Metazoa - ✔✔All of the multicellular animals as a whole.

Porifera, Ctenophora, Cnidaria, Echinodermata, Chordata, Platyhelminthes,

Mollusca, Annelida, Nematoda, and Arthropoda

Eumetazoa - ✔✔Contains the "true animals" that have more complex

tissue and tissue organization.

Ctenophora, Cnidaria, Echinodermata, Chordata, Platyhelminthes,

Mollusca, Annelida, Nematoda, and Arthropoda

Lophotrochozoa - ✔✔Widest range of body forms. All species contain

either a trohophore larva and/or a lophophore.

Platyhelminthes, Mollusca, and Annelida

Ecdysozoa - ✔✔Contains animals that shed their skeleton.

Nematoda and Arthropoda

Dueterostomia - ✔✔The first opening of these animals in embryonic

development is the anus.

Echinodermata and Chordata

, Ctenophora - ✔✔Comb Jellies

Aquatic

Radial

Two germ layers

Acoelomate

Unique characteristic: ctenes

What are the three major functions of a body cavity? - ✔✔1. Fluid cushions

the suspended organs, helping to prevent from injury.

2. Enables the internal organs to grow and move independent from the

outer body wall.

3. In soft bodied bilaterians, such as worms, the coelom contains

compressible fluid that acts like a skeleton against which muscles can

work.

Ctenes - ✔✔A locomotive organ consisting of a row of strong cilia whose

bases are fused. Also known as a comb plate.

Diploblast - ✔✔Two germ layers (endoderm and ectoderm).

Triploblast - ✔✔Three germ layers (endoderm, ectoderm, and mesoderm).

Ecdysis - ✔✔Molting of the skeleton.

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