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NURS 215 FUNDAMENTALS OF NURSING LATEST UPDATED FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE ARIZONA COLLEGE OF NURSING
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NURS 215 FUNDAMENTALS OF NURSING LATEST UPDATED FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE ARIZONA COLLEGE OF NURSING
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NURS 215 FUNDAMENTALS OF NURSINGLATEST UPDATED FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE
ARIZONA COLLEGE OF NURSING
Additional Pharmacokinetic Factors Specific to Children
✔✔Decreased gastric acid production and slower gastric emptying time
Decreased first-pass medication absorption due to immaturity of the liver
Increased absorption of topical medications (greater blood flow to the skin
and thinner skin)
High body water content (dilutes water-soluble medications)
Decreased protein-binding sites in the blood (until age 1 year), which can
result in an increase in the blood level of protein-binding medications
Physiologic Changes with Aging that Affect Pharmocokinetics
✔✔Increased gastric pH (alkaline)
Decreased gastrointestinal motility and gastric emptying time, resulting in
a slower rate of absorption
Decreased blood flow through the cardiovascular system, liver, kidneys
Decreased kidney function and glomerular filtration rate
,Decreased protein-binding sites, resulting in lower blood
albumin levels
Decreased body water, increased body fat, decreased lean body mass
The routes of medication administration are usually divided into two
categories
✔✔Parenteral and Nonparenteral
Parenteral medication administration includes
✔✔Intramuscular, subcutaneous, intradermal, intravenous, intrathecal,
and epidural routes.
Nonparenteral medication administration includes
✔✔Oral, sublingual, topical, transdermal, ophthalmic, otic, nasal, rectal,
and vaginal routes
What medication route has the potential to exert both local and systemic
effects?
✔✔Oral
To ensure accuracy measure the medication at the base of the ______ and
not the edges.
✔✔Meniscus
,Before administering medication's through an NG or enteral tube, the client
should be placed in what position?
✔✔Fowlers Position
What does MDI stand for?
✔✔metered dose inhaler
Early manifestations of hypoxia
✔✔Tachypnea
Tachycardia
Restlessness, anxiety, confusion
Pale skin, mucous membranes
Elevated blood pressure
Use of accessory muscles, nasal flaring, adventitious lung sounds
Late manifestations of hypoxia
✔✔Stupor
Cyanotic skin, mucous membranes
Bradypnea
Bradycardia
Hypotension
Cardiac dysrhythmias
What are the low flow oxygen delivery systems?
✔✔Nasal cannula
, Simple facemask
Partial rebreather mask
Non-rebreather mask
What are the high flow oxygen delivery systems?
✔✔Venturi Mask
Aerosol Mask
When should you provide humidification for flow rates?
✔✔4 L/min and greater.
What is Hypercapnia?
✔✔Increased levels of arterial carbon dioxide
What does intradermal medication administration mean?
✔✔Administration of medication nutrients or other fluid via injection into
the top layer of dermis
What does subcutaneous medication administration mean?
✔✔Method of medication administration in which medication's are
injected into the tissue directly under the dermis
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