Anatomy and Physiology exam 1 version A latest update
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Course
Anatomy and physilogy
Institution
Anatomy And Physilogy
Anatomy and Physiology exam 1 version A
What is anatomy?
Study of structure and form; derived from Greek word Anatome which means to cut apart or dissect; Anatomists study structure and form of organism studying the relationships among parts of the body and the structure of individual organs
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Anatomy and Physiology exam 1 version A
What is anatomy?
Study of structure and form; derived from Greek word Anatome which means to cut apart or dissect;
Anatomists study structure and form of organism studying the relationships among parts of the body
and the structure of individual organs
What is physiology?
the study of function of the body parts; physiologists examine how organs and body systems function
under normal circumstances as well as how their functions are altered with medication or disease
Branches of anatomy
Microscopic- structures that cannot be observed to the unaided eye
(Cytology- study of body cells and their internal structure;
Histology- study of tissues)
Gross anatomy- structures that can be observed to the unaided eye, macroscopic
(Systemic anatomy- anatomy of each body system;
Regional anatomy- examines all of the structures in a particular region of the body as a complete unit)
Embryology
Discipline concerned with developmental changes occurring from conception to birth
Comparative A&P
Examines similarities and differences of anatomy and physiology of different species
,Pathophysiology
Relationship between the functioning of an organ system and disease or injury to that organ system
Basic qualities of life
Organization- each organism has a complex structure and order
Metabolism- the sum of all chemical reactions to occur within a body; anabolism (smaller molecules
form larger) and catabolism (larger molecules are broken down to smaller)
Growth and development- each organism assimilates materials from its environment and often grows
and develops
Responsiveness- ability to sense and react to stimuli
Regulation- ability to adjust or direct internal bodily function in the face of environmental changes-
homeostasis- ability of an organism to maintain a consistent internal environment
Organization of the human body
Chemical level- consists of atoms, molecules, macromolecules, and organelles
Cell level- consists of cells, made up of structures and molecules from chemical level
Tissue level- made up of tissues which are made of cells
Organ level- made up of organs made up of 2-3 tissue types that work together for specific, complex
functions
Organ system level- organs that work together to coordinate activities and achieve a common function
Anterior
In front of
Posterior
In back of
, Dorsal
On the backside of the human body
Ventral
On the belly side of the human body
Superior
Closer to the head
Inferior
Closer to the feet
Deep
On the inside
Superficial
On the outside
Homeostasis
refers to the ability of an organism to maintain a consistent internal environment or "steady state"; for
example if the body gets hot due to external temperature, the body maintains a steady state by
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