Campbell Biology Chapter 14 Exam
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gene idea - the model that says that parents pass on discrete heritable
unit-genes-that retain their separate identities in offspring
Gregor Mendel - Augustinian monk and botanist whose experiments in
breeding g...
gene idea - ✔✔the model that says that parents pass on discrete heritable
unit-genes-that retain their separate identities in offspring
Gregor Mendel - ✔✔Augustinian monk and botanist whose experiments in
breeding garden peas led to his eventual recognition as founder of the
science of genetics (1822-1884)
character - ✔✔a heritable feature that varies among individuals (color)
trait - ✔✔specific characteristic that varies from one individual to another
(purple)
true-breeding - ✔✔term used to describe organisms that produce offspring
identical to themselves if allowed to self-pollinate
hybridization - ✔✔the act of mixing different species or varieties of animals
or plants and thus to produce hybrids
, P generation - ✔✔Parental generation, the first two individuals that mate in
a genetic cross.
F1 generation - ✔✔the first generation of offspring obtained from an
experimental cross of two organisms
F2 generation - ✔✔the second generation of offspring, obtained from an
experimental cross of two organisms; the offspring of the F1 generation
law of segregation - ✔✔Mendel's first law, stating that each allele in a pair
separates (segregates) into a different gamete during gamete formation.
Mendel's model - ✔✔1. Alternative versions of genes account for variations
in inherited characters.
2. For each character an organism inherits two copies of a gene, one from
each parent.
3. If two alleles at the locus differ, then the dominant allele determines the
organism's appearance, the recessive has no noticeable effect.
4. Law of segregation
alleles - ✔✔alternative versions of a gene that produce distinguishable
phenotypic effects
dominant allele - ✔✔one whose trait always shows up in the organism
when the allele is present
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