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MBY 161 Theme 3 Exam Questions And Correct Answers
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MBY 161 Theme 3 Exam Questions And Correct Answers3 basic shapes of prokaryotic cells - Answer Bacillus
Coccus
Spiral
3 different spiral shapes - Answer Spirillium
Vibrio
Spirochete
Describe flagella - Answer Made of chains of flagellin
Attached to a protein hook
Anchored to the cell wall and membrane by the basal body
Describe fimbriae - Answer hair-like appendages, shorter and thinner than flagella
allow attachment
Describe Pili - Answer Longer than fimbriae and only one or two per cell
Facilitate transfer of DNA from one cell to another
gliding motility
twitching motility
What does the cell wall of Prokaryotes prevent? - Answer osmotic lysis: when a cell
bursts due to an osmotic imbalance that has caused excess water to move into the cell
Functions of Prokaryotic cell wall - Answer - Maintain shape
, - Anchor for Flagella
- Can play a role in the ability to cause disease
What is Peptidoglycan? - Answer A polymer of the disaccharides:
- N-acetylglucosamine (NAG)
- N-acetylmuramic acid (NAM)
Describe a gram-positive cell wall - Answer Thick Peptidoglycan
Teichoic acids
- lipoteichoic acid links to plasma membrane
- Wall teichoic acid links to peptidoglycan
May regulate movement of cations
Pollysaccharides provide antigenic variation (Diagnostic application)
Describe a gram-negative cell wall - Answer Thin peptidoglycan
Outermembrane
Periplasmic space
Gram-negative outer membrane consists of - Answer Lipopolysaccharides
Porin proteins
What do lipopolysaccharides consist of? - Answer Lipid A - embedded in the top layer of
the outer membrane
Core polysaccharide - Attached to lipid A
O polysaccharide - Projects out of the core polysaccharide
Role of Lipid A - Questions Lipid A is released upon death of Gram-negative bacteria, it
serves as an endotoxin.
Define Endotoxin - Questions a poison within a bacterial cell that is released upon lysis .
What is the role of the Core polysaccharide? - Questions Structural- to provide stability
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