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APHY 102 Midterm Exam Questions And Accurate Answers
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APHY 102 Midterm Exam Questions And Accurate Answershormone - Answer chemical messengers; released into body fluids, primarily blood with
specific effects on target tissues that have specific receptors for it
paracrine gland - Answer a secretion that enters interstitial fluid; acts on nearby cells
autocrine gland - Answer a secretion that affects only the secreting cell
endocrine gland - Answer secretes hormones into the internal environment
exocrine glands - Answer secretions enter tubes/ducts that lead to body surfaces.
hypothalamus-Answer regulates release of the pituitary gland
steroid hormones-Answer lipid soluble (cholesterol); act via protein receptors, mRNA
tropic hormones-Answer stimulate other endocrine glands to release hormones;
produced by anterior pituitary gland in response to stimulation by the hypothalamus
glucagon-Answer blood glucose too low
insulin-Answer stimulates glycogenesis; inhibits gluconeogenesis; promotes diffusion of
glucose into adipose and muscle cells; stimulates amino acid uptake into cells
diabetes mellitus - Answer Type 1 is when the pancreas cannot produce insulin
(autoimmune); Type 2 is non insulin dependants
Rh factor and developing fetus - Answer Rh negative mother + Rh positive baby = first
pregnancy okay; Rh positive blood enters mother and mother produces Rh anti-bodies;
, second pregnancy may result in destruction of red blood cells in fetus; erythroblastosis
fetalis
Blood type A - Question antigen: A; antibody: anti-B; receive type A or O; give to type A
or AB
Blood type B - Question antigen: B; antibody: anti-A; receive type B or O; give to type B
or AB
Blood type AB - Question antigens: A & B; antibody: neither; receive Type A, B, and O;
give to type AB only; universal recipient
Blood type O-Answer antigens: neither; antibodies: both anit-A & anti-B; receive Type O
only; give to A, B, and O; universal donor
neutrophils-Answer a leukocyte (WBC): most numerous, 54-62% of WBCs, first to arrive
to fight infections, elevated in bacterial infections, multi-lobed nucleus; granulocyte
eosinophils-Answer a leukocyte (WBC): deep red granules in acid stain, bi-lobed
nucleus, fight allergic reactions and against parasitic worm infestations, 1-3% of WBCs;
granulocyte
basophils-Answer smallest % of leukocytes
monocytes-Answer a leukocyte (WBC): largest of all blood cells, kidney/oval-shaped
nuclei, become macrophages, 3-9% of WBCs, phagocytize bacteria, dead cells, and
other debris; agranulocyte
lymphocytes: A kind of WBC which is a little larger as compared to RBC. It possesses a
large spherical nucleus encircled by a thin rim of cytoplasm. It includes T and B cells. B
cells generate antibodies. It comprises about 25-33% of WBCs. An agranulocyte.
formed elements of blood - Blood cells and platelets; RBCs - transport oxygen; WBCs -
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