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Hoorcollege 2 Organisatietheorie

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Collegedictaat van Hoorcollege 2 van Organisatietheorie. Gemaakt aan de hand van de hoorcolleges van dit vak in 2019/2020. Studie: Bestuurskunde, jaar 1, blok 2.

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  • December 4, 2019
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  • 2019/2020
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  • Hoorcollege 2

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By: berend87 • 3 year ago

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Universiteit Leiden – ’s Gravenhage
Bestuurskunde, jaar 1, blok 2
Organisatietheorie

LEC 2 – 05-11-19


Week II: organisaties als sociale systemen

1. Hawthorne experimenten
 Hawthorne studies:
o Conventioneel onderzoek (effecten veranderingen fysieke
arbeidsomstandigheden op arbeidsproductiviteit)
o Serie van twaalf experimenten in een telefoonfabriek in de
VS vanuit een rationeel perspectief.
o Ondanks deze experimenten bleek dat de productiviteit
sowieso hoger was, of de werkomstandigheden nou beter
waren of niet.
o Hawthorne-effect: aandacht in de vorm van onderzoek leidt
tot verandering in gedrag.
o “ (…) Explained as psychological reaction rather than a
physiological one.”
o Belang van informele organisatie (i.t.t. uitgangspunt van
onderzoekers: soldiering).
o Nadruk op sociale aspecten van de omgeving van
medewerkers (mensgericht leiderschap). De manager in
het experiment was niet gericht op controle, maar op
vertrouwen wekken, binding tussen werknemers creëren,
aandacht hebben voor het personeel.
 Gevolg: Human Relations (HR) benadering:
o Vraag: hoe kan men de medewerkers zodanig motiveren
dat ze zich maximaal inzetten voor de organisatie?
o Antwoord: door tegemoet te komen aan de sociale
behoeften van medewerkers en de behoefte aan
ontplooiing.
o Prescriptief/toepassingsgericht.
o Varianten: Revisionisme/Humanistic Management en Hu-
man Resource Management (HRM).
 Assumpties Human Relations:
o Mensen zijn op zichzelf best bereid zich in te spannen en te
motiveren door een prettig werkklimaat en uitdagend
werk.

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