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P block elements
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,I non-metall and metalloids only occur in p-block elements.
2
Compounds blu 2 non-metal is covalent
.
3
Non-metal oxide -
acidic or neutral
metal oxide -
basic
.
4 First element of p-block group differs by size and inavailability of d-orbital .
.
5
larger metal forms di-dit or di-Pi bond
,
the d-orbitals are
higher
energy than p-orbital so
they contribute less to overall Stability
6 .
Boron
family :
· Boron is a
typical non-metal
·
Boron is a rave metal ,
occurs as
Orthoboric acid-HyBoz
Kernite NaBy 4120
·
-
Borax-NarBnO. 10120
indian borax in puga Valley /ladakh) and Sambhar lake
·
occurs
(Rajasthan) .
· Boron is 0 0001 %
.
by mass of earth cust
·
two isotopic form "B( and "B(81)
· Al-most abundant metal
E
3rd most abundan element 18 .
3% by mass)
&
it
Oxygen (h it and Silicon (2) .
11)
~
Al occurs as Bauxite Azoz 210 ·
and ayolite NayAlFo
·
In India Al is found as mica
·
Ga , In ,Te are less abundant in nature
, ·
Nihomium (Nh) is prepared arrificially and stabe isotope
half life is 20 seconds
i) electronic configuration :
B , Al-Noble core
gas
Ga , In-noble bre 10-delection
gas
+
F 14-f
noblegas cove + 10-delectron + electron
-
ii) Atomic radius :
-due to Poor screening
BLATTGaIn < Th
&argeleve
iii) Ionisation
enthalpy :
B > AlGas -
InTh
AH ,<
AH2CALy
iv) Electro negativity :
B > D'LGaLInT
7
Physical properties :
·
Boron is non-metallic in nature
·
Bis hard & plowed solid
black
· B exists in many alloropic form
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