Psy 350 Exam 1 Csu with complete
solutions 2024/2025
Theory - ANSWER- -explanation of relationships among variables (Why, how,
process - explanation)
-not guesses or established facts
Hypothesis - ANSWER- -specific prediction about a pattern you expect to see in
your data (Usually involves a comparison)
-follows logically from a theory but more specific
variables - ANSWER- -attributes of people of situations that vary and can take of
different values
situational variables - ANSWER- -naturally occurring
-can be manipulated in a research study
three establishing rules - ANSWER- 1. varying situations
2. differing values
3. individual differences
what two characteristics define a true experiment - ANSWER- 1. at least one
variable is manipulated
2. participants are randomly assigned to a value of that variable
experimental vs. correlational - ANSWER- experimental: involve variable
manipulation
correlational: naturally occurring situations without manipulation variables
what is the main advantage of experimental research - ANSWER- -good at ruling
out alternative explanations
-cause and effect claims
, population vs. sample - ANSWER- population: group of people you want to make
conclusions about
sample: group of people that participated in study
grouping variables - ANSWER- -allow for people to be divided into groups
-2 to 5 Ss
continuous variables - ANSWER- -have people fall along a continuum
-logical order
discrete variable - ANSWER- -separate indivisibles categories
-no in-between values
-treatment conditions, hair color, country of origin
continuous variables - ANSWER- -cannot naturally divide people into groups
-continuum
-not easy to manipulate
-temp, height, distance
nominal/categorical - ANSWER- -set of categories with different names
-no natural or differentiate them
-major, ethnicity, favorite ice cream flavor
ordinal - ANSWER- -variable that consists of categories organized in an ordered
sequence
-place in a race (1st, 2nd, 3rd) but time in between varies
interval - ANSWER- -consists of ordered categories exactly the same size
-no natural zero point
-most sets work with interval or ratio data
-temperature
ratio - ANSWER- -interval variable with additional feature of an absolute zero
point
-compare differences and ratios
-height, counts of things
a rating scale variable - ANSWER- -interval scale
why does type of level of our variables matter? why? - ANSWER- -important to
measure the effect of an interest
solutions 2024/2025
Theory - ANSWER- -explanation of relationships among variables (Why, how,
process - explanation)
-not guesses or established facts
Hypothesis - ANSWER- -specific prediction about a pattern you expect to see in
your data (Usually involves a comparison)
-follows logically from a theory but more specific
variables - ANSWER- -attributes of people of situations that vary and can take of
different values
situational variables - ANSWER- -naturally occurring
-can be manipulated in a research study
three establishing rules - ANSWER- 1. varying situations
2. differing values
3. individual differences
what two characteristics define a true experiment - ANSWER- 1. at least one
variable is manipulated
2. participants are randomly assigned to a value of that variable
experimental vs. correlational - ANSWER- experimental: involve variable
manipulation
correlational: naturally occurring situations without manipulation variables
what is the main advantage of experimental research - ANSWER- -good at ruling
out alternative explanations
-cause and effect claims
, population vs. sample - ANSWER- population: group of people you want to make
conclusions about
sample: group of people that participated in study
grouping variables - ANSWER- -allow for people to be divided into groups
-2 to 5 Ss
continuous variables - ANSWER- -have people fall along a continuum
-logical order
discrete variable - ANSWER- -separate indivisibles categories
-no in-between values
-treatment conditions, hair color, country of origin
continuous variables - ANSWER- -cannot naturally divide people into groups
-continuum
-not easy to manipulate
-temp, height, distance
nominal/categorical - ANSWER- -set of categories with different names
-no natural or differentiate them
-major, ethnicity, favorite ice cream flavor
ordinal - ANSWER- -variable that consists of categories organized in an ordered
sequence
-place in a race (1st, 2nd, 3rd) but time in between varies
interval - ANSWER- -consists of ordered categories exactly the same size
-no natural zero point
-most sets work with interval or ratio data
-temperature
ratio - ANSWER- -interval variable with additional feature of an absolute zero
point
-compare differences and ratios
-height, counts of things
a rating scale variable - ANSWER- -interval scale
why does type of level of our variables matter? why? - ANSWER- -important to
measure the effect of an interest
