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NURS 362 Final Exam Questions And Answers 100% Verified.

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NURS 362 Final Exam Questions And Answers 100% Verified. what is the most common risk factor for cardiovascular disease? - correct tension AHA definition of HTN - correct answer.SBP >130, DBP >80 effects of HTN - correct answer.Increased pressure on vessel walls Increases r...

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nurs 362 final exam questions and answers 100 ver

Institution NURS 362
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NURS 362 Final Exam Questions And
Answers 100% Verified.

what is the most common risk factor for cardiovascular disease? - correct
answer.hypertension

AHA definition of HTN - correct answer.SBP >130, DBP >80

effects of HTN - correct answer.Increased pressure on vessel walls
Increases rate of atherosclerosis
Increases narrowing of vessels (obstruction)
Damages small vessels to organs
Increases workload of heart
Increases incidence of thrombus formation

effects of HTN on vessel damage - correct answer.can damage vessels in the:
Brain
Kidney
Heart

effects of HTN on cardiac workload - correct answer.R/L ventricle hypertrophy
Ventricle dilation

effects of HTN on thrombus formation - correct answer.Infarcts
CVA
Mesenteric, renal artery thrombi

risk factors for HTN - correct answer.Family history
Smoking
Dyslipidemia
Diabetes mellitus
Obesity
Inactivity
Poor education
Low SES
Older age

african americans and HTN - correct answer.Highest prevalence
Develop at a younger age than whites
Higher mortality rate
Women>men have HTN

,Do not respond well to ACE inhibitors

hispanic americans and HTN - correct answer.Lower awareness of HTN and
treatments
Less likely to receive treatment than African Americans or Caucasions
Lower rates of adequate blood pressure control

asian americans and HTN - correct answer.Similar to African Americans, higher
incidences of side effects with ACE inhibitors

native americans and HTN - correct answer.Lower rates of BP control than African
Americans and Caucasians

men and HTN - correct answer.HTN more common before age 55
More likely to suffer a MI than stroke

women and HTN - correct answer.HTN more common after age 55
More likely to suffer a stroke than a MI
Links to menopause related factors, oral contraceptive use

normal BP - correct answer.<120 / <80

elevated BP - correct answer.120-129/<80

stage 1 HTN - correct answer.130-139/80-89

stage 2 HTN - correct answer.>140/>90

primary (essential, idiopathic) hypertension - correct answer.95% of all cases
Also known as essential hypertension
Numerous contributing factors

secondary hypertension - correct answer.Less common
Stems from another disorders (renal disease, alcohol abuse, pregnancy, etc.)

why are 75% of those with HTN not controlled? - correct answer.Excess body weight
Insufficient physical activity
Lifestyle modification
Complacency among providers
Poor compliance
Absence of symptoms (AKA "the silent killer")

complications of HTN - correct answer.Longstanding, untreated hypertension can result
in end-organ damage
Heart disease
Angina/MI (coronary artery disease)

,Heart failure
Other vascular disorders

metabolic syndrome - correct answer.Also known as Insulin-Resistance Syndrome or
Syndrome X or Cardiovascular Dysmetabolic Syndrome
A group of physical characteristics /conditions that appear to predispose people to heart
disease
May require interventions to delay or prevent heart disease

metabolic syndrome s/sx - correct answer.Abdominal obesity >35" women, >40" men
Hypertension
Dyslipidemia (low HDL, high trig)
Hyperinsulinemia (& insulin resistance)
Glucose intolerance

causes of metabolic syndrome - correct answer.Abdominal obesity ("apples v. pears")
Physical inactivity
Genetic factors
Diet (high sat. fat intake)
Aging
Hormones

management of HTN depends on - correct answer.Blood pressure
Presence of risk factors
Modifiable and non-modifiable
Presence of organ damage
Blood pressure goals are lower than for those w/ no complications

goals for management of HTN - correct answer.Prevent disability and death
Maintain BP lower than 130/80

lifestyle modifications for HTN: weight loss - correct answer.10 pound weight gain can
increase SBP by 4 points.
Weight loss decreases BP, serum lipids, improves type II DM, risk for CAD.

lifestyle modifications for HTN: quit nicotine use in all forms - correct answer.Nicotine
causes catecholamine release
This causes increased HR and BP

lifestyle modifications for HTN: limit/avoid other substances that increase BP - correct
answer.Caffeine
Oral contraceptives
Tricyclic antidepressants
Cold medicine
Steroids
Illegal drugs (methamphetamine, cocaine, ecstasy - narrows arteries)

, Alcohol

lifestyle modifications for HTN - correct answer.Stress management
Take medications as prescribed (over 60 HTN meds and numerous supportive meds)
Seek regular medical care
Body movement at least 3-4 x week

dietary management for HTN - correct answer.Dietary Approaches to Stop
Hypertension = DASH diet
Intake of fruits, vegetables, and low-fat dairy.
Decrease in fats, sweets, red meat, sodium

DASH diet - correct answer.Dietary Approached to Stop Hypertension

nursing history and assessment for HTN - correct answer.History and risk factors
Assess potential symptoms of target organ damage
Angina, shortness of breath, altered speech, altered vision, nosebleeds, headaches,
dizziness, balance problems, nocturia
Cardiovascular assessment: apical and peripheral pulses
Personal, social, financial factors

goals of nursing management for HTN - correct answer.Patient understanding of
disease process
Patient understanding of treatment regimen
Patient participation and willingness in self-care
Absence of complications

nursing diagnoses for HTN - correct answer.Knowledge deficit related to treatment
regimen and control of disease process
Noncompliance with therapeutic regimen related to side effects of prescribed therapy

nursing interventions for HTN - correct answer.Patient teaching
Encourage adherence to treatment regimen
Consultation/collaboration
Follow-up care
Emphasize control rather than cure
Reinforce and support lifestyle changes
Lifelong process
Referrals as necessary

nursing considerations for administration of anti-HTN meds - correct answer.Check BP
& HR before administration
Parameters for when to hold
Side effects
Acute/chronic issues affecting BP/HR

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