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Microbiology 2nd Edition Norman McKay By Lourdes P. Norman-McKay
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Microbiology 2nd Edition Norman McKay By Lourdes P. Norman-McKay
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Microbiology 2nd Edition Norman McKay By Lourdes P.Norman-McKay
In the early years of microbiology, microorganisms were referred to as - ANSWER:
animalcules.
Which of the following is NOT a form of locomotion used by protozoa? - ANSWER:
budding
________ contain a nucleus composed of genetic material surrounded by a
membrane. - ANSWER: Eukaryotes
The specific microbe that causes disease is called a(n) - ANSWER: pathogen
The study of how our body fights infection from pathogenic microbes is called -
ANSWER: immunology.
In the 1700s, a system was developed for naming plants and animals and grouping
similar organisms together. What is such a system called? - ANSWER: a taxonomic
system.
In the context of a scientific experiment, what is a control group? - ANSWER: a group
that is treated the same as other groups except for the variable being tested.
Which of the following describes a difference between prokaryotes and archaea? -
ANSWER: Prokaryotes have cell walls composed of peptidoglycan, whereas archaea
do not.
Who is responsible for building the first simple microscope? - ANSWER: Antoni van
Leeuwenhoek.
What is the process that uses living microorganisms to detoxify polluted
environments? - ANSWER: bioremediation.
The various forms of radiation differ in their - ANSWER: wavelength
What do you call a microscope's ability to distinguish two objects that are close
together? - ANSWER: resolution
With regard to microscopy, contrast is best described as - ANSWER: the differences
in intensity between an object and its background.
Which unit is most appropriate to measure the size of cells? - ANSWER: micrometer
,Why are some bacteria, such as those of the genera Mycobacterium and Nocardia,
NOT effectively stained with the Gram stain? - ANSWER: because they have large
amounts of waxy lipid in their cell walls
What is the basis for assigning organisms into domains? - ANSWER: ribosomal
nucleotide sequences
Carolus Linnaeus grouped similar organisms that can successfully interbreed into
categories called - ANSWER: species
Oil immersion lenses increase both ________ and ________. - ANSWER:
magnification; resolution
What is one way in which microbiologists can distinguish different bacteria that are
similar in morphology and staining characteristics? - ANSWER: biochemical testing
Why is a negative stain called such? - ANSWER: The background is stained, leaving
the cell colorless.
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of all living things? - ANSWER:
movement
Which of the following is NOT part of bacterial flagella? - ANSWER: fimbria
Cells use ________ to transfer DNA from one cell to another via conjugation. -
ANSWER: pili
What are the two types of prokaryotic organisms? - ANSWER: bacteria and archaea
Where can lipopolysaccharide be found?
A. in the flagella of bacterial cells
B. in the peptidoglycan layer of Gram-positive bacterial cells
C. in the outer membrane of Gram-positive bacterial cells
D. in the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacterial cells - ANSWER: in the outer
membrane of Gram-negative bacterial cells
Which of the following BEST describes one of the functions of the bacterial cell wall?
- ANSWER: protection from osmotic forces
Which of the following statements about endospores is TRUE? - ANSWER:
Endospores form in response to harsh environmental conditions.
What is the typical size range for eukaryotic cells? - ANSWER: 10-100 µm
Sometimes prokaryotic cells are surrounded by a gelatinous, sticky substance. What
is this structure called? - ANSWER: glycocalyx
, Which of these is found ONLY in eukaryotes? - ANSWER: endocytosis
What is the purpose of performing the streak-plate technique? - ANSWER: to obtain
isolated colonies of bacteria
What happens if a cell is placed in a hypertonic solution? - ANSWER: Water leaves
the cell, causing it to shrink.
Which of the following is NOT a direct method for measuring microbial growth? -
ANSWER: turbidity
________ require oxygen levels between 2% and 10%. - ANSWER: Microaerophiles
What is the best method for preserving a bacterial culture for 10 years or longer? -
ANSWER: lyophilization
What is the best method for storing bacterial cultures for short periods of time? -
ANSWER: refrigeration
An organism that utilizes an inorganic source of carbon as its sole carbon source and
light as its energy source is a - ANSWER: photoautotroph.
Imagine that a certain bacterial species divides by binary fission once every 30
minutes. If you started with a culture containing 2 cells, how many would be present
after 2 hours? - ANSWER: 32 cells
What type of microorganism would you find living near hot springs? - ANSWER:
thermophile
What must be done to a sample before the pour-plate technique is performed? -
ANSWER: Colony-forming units must be separated by performing serial dilutions.
Antoni van Leeuwenhoek was the first person in history to - ANSWER: view
microorganisms and record these observations.
The term ________ involves the study of the blood components that fight infection. -
ANSWER: serology
Microorganisms characterized by the absence of a nucleus are called - ANSWER:
prokaryotes.
Which of the following statements concerning Koch's postulates is false? - ANSWER:
The suspected pathogen may not be present in all cases of the disease being studied.
Robert Koch's contributions to the foundations of modern microbiology include -
ANSWER: developing methods for isolation and identification of bacteria.
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