PSY 355 FINAL EXAM STUDY QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2024
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Course
PSY 355
Institution
Bethany College (
)
*Chapter 11: Interpersonal Attraction and Close Relationships* -
What is the evidence for a good complexion being universally attractive? - having a good complexion is associated with having good health
What kinds of faces are found to be universally attractive? (3 things) - 1. good complexi...
PSY 355 FINAL EXAM STUDY
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2024
*Chapter 11: Interpersonal Attraction and Close Relationships* -
What is the evidence for a good complexion being universally attractive? - having a good complexion is
associated with having good health
What kinds of faces are found to be universally attractive? (3 things) - 1. good complexion 2. bilateral
symmetry 3. average sized facial features
What is the evidence for bilateral symmetry being universally attractive? - having a symmetrical face and
body indicates developmental stability
What is the evidence for average sized facial features as being universally attractive? - People with
average sized facial features are less likely to have genetic abnormalities and average faces can be
thought of as prototypes of faces
What are aspects of attractiveness that are culturally-influenced? (2 things) - 1. weight 2. similarity
attraction effect
What is the similarity attraction effect? - when someone is attracted to someone else who has similar
characteristics to them, like similar attitudes, personality, religion, hobbies
Characteristics of cultures with high relation mobility (5 things) - 1. an environment where there is a high
opportunity for relationships 2. relationships are flexible and voluntary 3. relationships are made based on if
it benefits to the self 4. default state is alone 5. associated with IND self-construles
does high or low relation mobility encourage enemies? why? - low relation mobility because you are born
into your relationships and in high relation mobility you are encouraged to only be friends with people who
benefit you
,PSY 355 FINAL EXAM
characteristics of cultures with low relation mobility (5 things) - 1. an environment where there is a low
opportunity for relationships 2. relationships are stable 3. you have an obligation to the relationships you're
in 4. born into relationships 5. associated with INT self-construles
How would a person in the U.S or Ghana view someone with no friends? - in the U.S they would think there
is something wrong with that person, in Ghana they would think that's impossible because you're born into
relationships
How would a person in the U.S or Ghana view someone with a lot of friends? - in the U.S. they would think
they were a good and popular person, in Ghana they would think that person needs to be careful who they
let in their in-group because relationships define the self
How would a person in the U.S or Ghana view someone with no enemies? - in the U.S they would think
they are a good person, in Ghana they would think that person is foolish because it's impossible to have no
enemies because you're born into relationships
types of arranged marriages (4 things) - 1. parents choose partner and individual cannot object 2. parents
choose and individual can object 3. parents and individual negotiate an agreement 4. individual chooses
partner and parents can agree or object
What are the beliefs underlying why people do arranged marriages? (4 things) - 1. closer bond between
extended families 2. personal emotions are less important than family 3. love develops over time and takes
different forms 4. emphasis on companionship and commitment rather than intimacy and passion
What are cultural factors that encourage people to have arranged marriages or love marriages? - in IND
cultures there are more love marriages because people idolize their partner by choice and in COLL cultures
there are more arranged marriages
*Chapter 12: Morality, Religion, & Justice* -
, PSY 355 FINAL EXAM
What makes something a moral issue? (4 things) - 1. applies to everyone
2. not easily changed over time
3. based on basic needs/important values
4. objectively wrong
what makes a moral issue objective? (2 things) - 1. it's more than a personal decision. Can a person
engage in X if they wanted to? If yes then it's a choice and not a moral issue. If no then it's a moral issue
2. it's regulated by more than just social norms. Is there any situation where engaging in X is culturally
permitted? If yes then it's not a moral issue. If no then it's a moral issue and is punishable
What are the 3 levels of Kohlberg's model of moral reasoning in order? - 1. preconventional
2. conventional
3. postconventional
Preconventional level of moral reasoning - think of behaviors as having a personal consequences. you
know the difference between good and bad behavior based on the consequences
conventional level of moral reasoning (2 things) - 1. act in a way that maintains social order
2. Things are seen as wrong if they go against the rules or laws of the group you're apart of
postconventional moral reasoning (3 things) - 1. values exist separately from the rules of the social group
you're apart of
2. You act more toward your personal principles of what you think is right or wrong despite what your social
group says
3. Justice and human rights are more important than laws
What is the cross-cultural evidence for Kohlberg's model of moral reasoning? - in every culture studied the
average adult reasoned at a conventional level of reasoning and some cultures do not show any
postconventional reasoning
what are the 3 ethics of understanding reasoning? - autonomy, community and divinity
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