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NSG 554 Exam 3 Questions with Verified Answers |Latest 2024/2025
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Empiric therapy Best guess at causative organism and susceptibility No culture and susceptibility results available Directed at organisms that are known to cause the infection Definitive therapy Choosing agent after culture and susceptibility reports available Choose antimicrobial of choi...

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  • September 14, 2024
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  • 2024/2025
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NSG 554 Exam 3 Questions with Verified
Answers.

Empiric therapy _;- _;-_;- _;- Best guess at causative organism and
_;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;-



susceptibility
No culture and susceptibility results available
_;- _;- _;- _;- _;-




Directed at organisms that are known to cause the infection
_;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;-




Definitive therapy Choosing agent after culture and
_;- _;-_;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;-



susceptibility reports available _;- _;-




Choose antimicrobial of choice for infection if it is susceptible and
_;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;-



there are no contraindications
_;- _;- _;-




Pharmacodynamics ideal, concerntration dep. _;- _;- _;- _;-_;- _;- Cmax >>> MIC _;- _;-




want high peak compared to MIC
_;- _;- _;- _;- _;-




LARGE DOSES less frequently
_;- _;- _;-




concentration dep. abx _____ post antibiotic effect _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;-_;- _;- has good_;-




pharmacodynamic- time dependent abx _;- _;- _;- _;-_;- _;- shorten interval- _;-



increase frequency _;-

,How do differential WBC change with infection
_;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;-_;- _;- Total WBC over _;- _;- _;-



10,000
Increased NEUtrophils _;-




DECREAsed lymphocytes _;-




At least ___ of the 4 following signs and symptoms must be present
_;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;-



for a patient to meet "SIRS" criteria
_;- _;- TWO _;- _;- _;- _;- _;-_;- _;-




Temperature >38°C or <36°C _;- _;- _;-




Heart rate >90 beats per minute
_;- _;- _;- _;- _;-




WBC >12,000 or <4,000 or >10% bands
_;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;-




Respiratory rate >20 breaths per minute _;- _;- _;- _;- _;-




Confirming Sepsis Sepsis: life-threatening ***organ
_;- _;-_;- _;- _;- _;- _;-



dysfunction*** caused by a dysregulated host response to infection
_;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;-




Selection of empiric therapy HOST factors
_;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;-_;- _;- Site of infection
_;- _;-




**Drug allergies** _;-




**Age** -> ADR, organ f(x), etiology
_;- _;- _;- _;- _;-




Renal and hepatic function
_;- _;- _;-




Concomitant drug therapy _;- _;-




Concomitant disease states- CF (Pseudomonas, diabetics, infection)
_;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;-

,Pregnancy


Selection of empiric therapy DRUG factors
_;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;-_;- _;- Tissue penetration
_;-




Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamics [PK-PD] considerations
_;- _;- _;- _;-




T > MIC
_;- _;-




Peak: MIC _;-




AUC:MIC
Drug toxicity_;-




Cost


Sanford Guide: Find ABX, antivirals, meds that do NOT require renal
_;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;-



adjustment Table 17B _;-_;- _;- _;-




azithromycin
ceftriaaxone
chloramphenicol
ciprofloaxicin
clindamycin
doxycycline
linezolid
minocycline
moxifloaxcin
nafcillin

, ortiavancin
polymyxin B _;-




Pyrimethamine
Rifaximi
Tedizolid
Tigecycline


T/F Selecting correct ABX therapy can improve patient outcomes
_;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;-_;-



Yes!!!! True
_;- _;-




Selecting empiric therapy tool_;- _;- _;- _;-_;- _;- Antibiogram- lists local resistance _;- _;- _;- _;-



rates
90% or greater is good
_;- _;- _;- _;-




Although a single agent is generally preferred, combination of two
_;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;-



or more antimicrobials is recommended in the following scenarios:
_;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;- _;-_;-



Broaden the spectrum of coverage
_;- _;- _;- _;- _;-




Synergy
Prevent resistance _;-




non-therapeutic consderations of infection _;- _;- _;- _;-_;- _;- SOURCE control (if_;- _;- _;-



vent, can we stop vent?)
_;- _;- _;- _;-

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